Recent advances in autoregressive video diffusion have enabled sequential and streaming video generation. However, long-horizon generation requires increasingly large KV caches, making efficient compression without sacrificing quality challenging. Existing methods mostly select historical frames based on attention scores, but their context decisions remain coarse. When multiple frames are generated in the same chunk, these methods often apply a shared history selection to the whole chunk, score historical frames solely by attention, and assign head-wise budgets either uniformly or by attention-pattern heuristics rather than explicit head-importance estimation. We show that frames within the same generated chunk can depend on distinct historical frames, that the same historical frame can receive different attention scores as its relative temporal distance to the current frames changes, and that masking different heads induces unequal generation degradation. Motivated by these findings, we propose Focused Forcing, a training-free KV selection method that focuses cached history along both generated-frame and head dimensions. For each generated frame, Focused Forcing preserves the most relevant and distinctive historical frames by combining attention scores with diversity scores of historical frames, while assigning larger budgets to heads with higher estimated importance. Across multiple autoregressive generation paradigms, Focused Forcing achieves up to 1.48x end-to-end acceleration without training, while improving visual quality and text alignment. Our code is available at https://github.com/caipeiliang2004/Focused-Forcing.
Khai Le-Duc, Nguyen Kim Hai Bui, An Ngo, Nam D. Hoang, Yueqi Song, Jiarui Liu, Thai Quoc Hoang, Fang Wu 等 14 位作者
Vision-language models can get individual judgments right while struggling to recover and consistently use the exact properties of a 3D object. To characterize this gap, we introduce BedBench, a controlled benchmark of thirteen procedurally generated tasks spanning individual judgments and composite answers. Across twelve open-weight and four frontier models, per-color counting exposes a pronounced weakness: humans achieve 93.3% accuracy, compared with 7.2% for the best model. Targeted fine-tuning raises one model's accuracy from 3.0% to 68.6%, but reveals a further difficulty: its answers about the most common colors remain inconsistent with its own per-color counts. Supplying those counts as text improves its judgments, showing that recovering a property does not mean using it consistently. Reasoning, scaling, and added visual cues each improve individual judgments, but none makes exact answers reliable. To locate the difficulty, we probe Qwen3.5-27B: exact per-color counts remain recoverable at the language model's input, yet the model's answers rarely recover them (65.0% for the probe vs. 3.0% for the model). Image-removal controls further show that some apparent successes require no visual evidence. These findings motivate evaluating 3D reasoning by exact correctness, consistent use, and image dependence, rather than accuracy alone. Code and dataset are publicly available: https://github.com/leduckhai/BedBench
This report presents the implementation and validation of two end-to-end multimodal adaptation pipelines for 3D-aware visual question answering on a custom spatial dataset. The first pipeline fine-tunes HiSpatial-3B, which augments RGB observations with metric-scale 3D point maps; the second adapts Qwen3-VL through memory-efficient QLoRA-based supervised fine-tuning. The completed engineering stack covers dataset conversion, image-annotation alignment, monocular geometry preprocessing, instruction construction, mixed-domain training, checkpoint management, batch inference, and automated evaluation. On the target spatial benchmark, HiSpatial adaptation increases overall accuracy from 1.73% before fine-tuning to 79.89% at 3,600 steps. On a separately collected styled split, accuracy improves from 14.9% to 55.1%, indicating transfer beyond the original training set. The Qwen3-VL pipeline is likewise implemented end-to-end for both 8B- and 32B-scale models using mixed-domain QLoRA adaptation. The resulting accuracy improves from 20.74% to 45.27% for Qwen3-VL-8B and from 30.79% to 47.60% for Qwen3-VL-32B. Together, these results establish two complementary and reproducible adaptation pipelines for geometry-aware and general-purpose multimodal spatial reasoning. These results establish a reproducible engineering foundation for subsequent work on metric 3D reasoning, spatial grounding, and domain-adapted multimodal systems, while also identifying training-data composition as a central factor in preserving general multimodal capability during specialization.
Weikang Shi, Aldrich Yu Information Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Rongyao Fang The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Houxing Ren Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Ke Wang The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Aojun Zhou, Changyao Tian, Xinyu Fu Huawei Technologies Ltd. 等 14 位作者
While Large Language Models (LLMs) have excelled in textual reasoning, they struggle with mathematical domains like geometry that intrinsically rely on visual aids. Existing approaches to Visual Chain-of-Thought (VCoT) are often limited by rigid external tools or fail to generate the high-fidelity, strategically-timed diagrams necessary for complex problem-solving. To bridge this gap, we introduce MathCanvas, a comprehensive framework designed to endow unified Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) with intrinsic VCoT capabilities for mathematics. Our approach consists of two phases. First, a Visual Manipulation stage pre-trains the model on a novel 15.2M-pair corpus, comprising 10M caption-to-diagram pairs (MathCanvas-Imagen) and 5.2M step-by-step editing trajectories (MathCanvas-Edit), to master diagram generation and editing. Second, a Strategic Visual-Aided Reasoning stage fine-tunes the model on MathCanvas-Instruct, a new 219K-example dataset of interleaved visual-textual reasoning paths, teaching it when and how to leverage visual aids. To facilitate rigorous evaluation, we introduce MathCanvas-Bench, a challenging benchmark with 3K problems that require models to produce interleaved visual-textual solutions. Our model, BAGEL-Canvas, trained under this framework, achieves an 86% relative improvement over strong LMM baselines on MathCanvas-Bench, demonstrating excellent generalization to other public math benchmarks. Our work provides a complete toolkit—framework, datasets, and benchmark—to unlock complex, human-like visual reasoning in LMMs.
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cs.CL · cs.CV
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表
Weidong Tang, Jierui Li Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University and Xidian University, Yueling Hou Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology, Zihan Mei, Can Zhang, Xinyan Wan, Zhiyuan Liang University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Pengfei Zhou 等 10 位作者
True general intelligence requires not only a model of the physical world but also a social world model: the capacity to infer how individual mental states interact and crystallize into group-level outcomes. Despite notable progress in individual-level Theory of Mind (ToM) reasoning, existing multimodal large language models systematically fail at this: collective behavior emerges non-linearly from social tensions, conformity dynamics, and structural constraints, and cannot be recovered by summing individual intentions. We present GroupToM-Bench, the first multimodal benchmark for group-level ToM, built around a causal chain spanning micro-level BDI states (belief, desire, intention), meso-level group tension and structural constraints, and macro-level outcome prediction and mechanistic attribution. To probe this full arc, we develop a seven-level cognitive audit framework. Experiments reveal that frontier models perform significantly below human levels, exposing fundamental blind spots in modeling social structures and nonlinear collective behavior.
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cs.CL · cs.CV
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表
Weihua Zheng, Zhengyuan Liu Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Tanmoy Chakraborty Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Weiwen Xu Alibaba Group, Xiaoxue Gao, Bryan Chen Zhengyu Tan, Bowei Zou A*STAR, Chang Liu Shanghai University of Finance and Economics 等 35 位作者
The global deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) underscores the urgent need to evaluate their cultural alignment. However, assessing genuine “cultural awareness” across modalities (text, vision, speech) and languages remains a significant challenge. To comprehensively investigate this domain, we propose MMAC, a systematic framework that encompasses a tri-modally aligned cultural benchmark creation pipeline and a five-dimensional evaluation protocol to assess cross-country awareness disparities, evaluate cross-lingual and cross-modal consistency, and verify cultural knowledge generalization and grounding validity. Given the prevailing Western cultural bias in current models, we focus on 8 Asian countries as our dataset foundation to more acutely reveal potential cultural deficiencies in LLMs. Our dataset, MMAC-bench, features 27,000 human-curated questions across 10 languages. Crucially, it is the first dataset aligned at the input level across text, image, and speech, enabling direct cross-modal transfer tests. Each question consists of multiple-choice options accompanied by open-ended generated explanations, where 79% require multi-step reasoning grounded in cultural context, moving beyond simple memorization. We probe the causes of modal divergence, offering insights into fostering culturally robust MLLMs.
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cs.CL · cs.CV
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表