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版本更新 · v2arXiv:2610.32106

PersonaScienceBench: Evaluating Scientific Agents with Diverse Simulated Researchers

Siyang Wu, Weizhi Zhang, Chen Yang, Esther Xu Fei, Jorin Overwiening, Xu Pan, Jing Tang, Yixuan He 等 37 位作者

原文摘要

Scientific agents collaborate with researchers whose expertise and preferences differ, but benchmarks usually hold the collaborator fixed. We introduce PersonaScienceBench: 200 tasks from five benchmarks across four scientific domains. Simulated researchers provide context and feedback according to persona profiles, while task objectives and grading remain fixed. Agents encounter researcher preferences only through conversation. Across eighteen modelconfigurations, task performance, fact recovery, and self-repetition reveal different strengths. Detailed GPT 6 Astra analyses show distinct agent responses across researcher profiles; interaction traces illustrate targeted clar ification and workflow revision. These behaviors can differ even when final scores match. PersonaScienceBench therefore evaluates how agents collaborate with diverse researchers alongside whether they complete the task.

cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.01676

MMCoT$^3$: Empowering 3D Scene Understanding with 3D-Text Interleaved Multi-Modal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning

Yongqi Shan, Yifan Wang, Yunzhi Zhuge, Lijun Wang, Huchuan Lu

原文摘要

Understanding and reasoning over 3D scenes from point clouds is essential for a broad range of AI applications. Recent 3D large language models have shown promising results, yet they still face two fundamental limitations: (i) insufficient capability for grounded multi-step reasoning in complex 3D scenes, and (ii) a text-centric inference paradigm that lacks effective interaction between textual reasoning and visual evidence. As a result, these models often fail to verify intermediate inferences, disambiguate similar object instances, and avoid hallucinations. To address these limitations, we propose MMCoT$^3$, the first 3D-Text Interleaved Chain-of-Thought (CoT) framework for 3D scene understanding. The core idea is to explicitly interleave textual reasoning with task-relevant 3D evidence, enabling the model to consult scene observations throughout the reasoning process. In addition, since a textual mention in 3D scenes may correspond to multiple candidate objects, naive object-mention alignment can inject incorrect evidence and mislead subsequent reasoning. To mitigate this multi-instance ambiguity, we design an ambiguity-aware evidence aggregation mechanism that uses query-guided cross-attention to fuse candidate object tokens and inject both evidence and ambiguity cues into the reasoning process. To better equip the model with multi-step reasoning capability, we further develop PointCoT, a large-scale 3D-specific CoT instruction tuning dataset with approximately 176.2K instances spanning captioning, question answering, dialogue, and planning tasks. Extensive experiments on six benchmarks show that our method consistently improves performance and achieves state-of-the-art results, validating the effectiveness of our proposed ambiguity-aware 3D-text interleaved reasoning for 3D scene understanding.

cs.CV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.01460

Can Large Language Model Agents Learn by Watching Tutorial Videos?

Haoyu Zhao, Zafeirios Fountas, Jun Wang

原文摘要

Humans continuously acquire knowledge from carefully crafted materials such as books and tutorial videos, carrying that understanding into future tasks. Millions of such instructional videos are uploaded online every day, yet LLM agents remain unable to exploit this ever-expanding wealth of human teaching. Their capabilities are frozen after training, while parameter updates at scale remain prohibitively expensive. This raises the central question: can LLM agents learn from this vast instructional resource without parameter updates? We introduce Tutorial Agentic Learning (TAL), a nonparametric continual-learning paradigm that consolidates tutorial videos into a persistent, structured tutorialbook memory through a two-stage adversarial process that harvests hard, video-grounded questions and uses them to refine the memory. At inference time, TAL retrieves through a Table-of-Contents (TOC) tree, tying retrieval directly to the model's reasoning rather than to embedding similarity. To study this setting, we introduce VidLearn, a multimodal QA benchmark built from 72 chess tutorial videos spanning 12 openings. On VidLearn, TAL outperforms all evaluated baselines and improves monotonically as more videos are consumed, achieving up to 113% and 91% relative gains over the corresponding vanilla MLLMs on the training and test splits, respectively. In actual gameplay, TAL reaches a stronger opening-phase position than its vanilla counterpart in 69% of head-to-head games. Evaluation in a second domain further demonstrates the generality of TAL. Together, these results highlight instructional videos as a scalable resource for parameter-update-free agent continual learning.

cs.LG · cs.AI · cs.CL · cs.CV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.01351

MAPLE: A Multimodal Mobile Agent with Playbook-Learned Experience

Jun Wang, Aurora Wei, Lucas Spangher, Ming Zhang, Eugene Ie, Yiannis Kantaros

原文摘要

Autonomous agents powered by vision-language models (VLMs) show great potential in navigating mobile graphical user interfaces (GUIs) to complete complex tasks. However, existing paradigms face fundamental scalability bottlenecks: fine-tuning requires massive high-fidelity datasets or prohibitive training time and compute, while gradient-free approaches rely on custom static heuristics or costly trial-and-error trajectory exploration where feedback is deferred until the end of execution. To address these limitations, we introduce MAPLE (Multimodal Agent with Playbook-Learned Experience), a novel gradient-free multi-agent framework that enables dynamic, step-wise experience sharing and execution-time prompt evolution. Unlike traditional action-reflection architectures that depend on costly, post-hoc self-reflection, MAPLE enables agents to cross-reference and distribute runtime insights in real time at each operational step. This dynamic exchange eliminates blind trial-and-error looping and steers agents along direct, grounded interaction paths. Extensive evaluations on the AndroidWorld and MobileWorld benchmarks demonstrate that MAPLE achieves state-of-the-art performance on complex, long-horizon mobile tasks, while proving scalable and adaptable across novel environments.

cs.LG · cs.MA

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.40227

EpiAgent: Epistemic Self-Play for LLM Agents

Xuanfa Jin, Xinyu Cui, Zhijian Ma, Xue Yan, Jian Zhao, Haifeng Zhang, Jun Wang

原文摘要

Epistemic game theory explains an agent's strategic behavior via the beliefs it holds about others and how these beliefs are updated as the interactions unfold. Modern LLM-based agents, however, often lack an explicit mechanism for learning and updating such beliefs to guide decisions under incomplete information. To bridge this gap, we propose EpiAgent, a framework that equips LLM-based agents with an explicit, learnable epistemic layer, which maintains beliefs over others' private information and combines these beliefs with the agent's available information into an epistemic state for action selection. Concretely, the agent's policy is decomposed into two coupled stages: Epistemic Update, which updates these beliefs from interaction histories, and Action Planning, which selects actions conditioned on the updated epistemic state. By formulating their dependency as a bi-level optimization problem, we introduce Epistemic Self-Play, an algorithm that alternately optimizes the two stages through self-play, utilizing an intrinsic prediction reward to evaluate how well inferred beliefs predict subsequent observations. Empirical results across both mixed and competitive scenarios show that EpiAgent consistently outperforms prompting-based and RL-based baselines. Further analyses reveal the benefits of dedicated epistemic training, improvements in belief inference accuracy, and the contribution of learned beliefs to action planning. These results demonstrate the value of an explicit, learnable epistemic layer for effective multi-agent interactions.

cs.AI · cs.CL · cs.MA

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2610.34162

MMFact: Simplifying Multimodal Misinformation Detection with Shared Resources and Tools

Yuchen Miao, Zijun Wang, Mingtai Zhang, Xiaoyi Chen, Sihan Deng, Xianglin Ding

原文摘要

Multimodal misinformation detection methods often rely on different preprocessing pipelines and auxiliary resources, making experimental comparisons difficult to interpret. We present MMFact, a collection of shared resources and tools that simplifies this research workflow. It brings together 47 detector implementations and baselines, three multimodal datasets, and prepared materials ranging from semantic features to OCR, image descriptions, and external evidence. Compatible methods can use the same materials, reducing variation introduced by preprocessing and supporting fairer comparisons. A modular training and evaluation framework preserves method-specific designs while providing common experimental procedures. By treating prepared materials as a shared research resource, MMFact helps researchers focus on developing and evaluating detection methods.

cs.MM

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v3arXiv:2609.38810

CRAFT: Causal Responsibility and Failure Tracing in Medical Vision Language Models

Chunzheng Zhu, Jiaqi Zeng, Hongbo Zhao, Yihang Chen, Yijun Wang, Jianxin Lin

原文摘要

As vision language models are increasingly deployed in clinical diagnosis, understanding how they internally resolve competing visual and textual signals becomes a safety imperative. Existing mechanistic analyses remain confined to unimodal text and offer no explanation for why a single misleading sentence can override a correct image based diagnosis, or why a model commits to a confident answer despite insufficient visual evidence. We find that these two safety risks, arbitration failure where textual context overrides visual grounding and brake failure where the model commits without adequate evidence, are mediated by spatially disjoint attention head populations: arbitration heads form a mid-to-deep wideband reflecting cross-layer evidence competition, while brake heads concentrate in a narrow middle-to-late layer band that regulates evidence sufficiency and abstention behavior. To ground these observations in causal circuitry, we introduce CRAFT, which localizes each failure mode to a minimal causal head set via dual criteria and verifies necessity and sufficiency through temporal probes and Tuned Lens trajectory analysis. Excising arbitration heads sharply reduces conflict following with negligible degradation on clean inputs, while excising brake heads restores appropriate abstention under degraded visual evidence. The two interventions target spatially disjoint head sets and produce distinct corrective effects, underscoring the mechanistic separability of the failure modes. Experiments across multiple medical VQA benchmarks and VLM architectures validate both the localization and interventions, demonstrating that the identified heads causally drive each failure mode and that targeted modulation generalises without retraining. The code is available at https://github.com/zhcz328/CRAFT.

cs.CV · cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.39682

Heterogeneous Co-Evolution Learning for Tool-Efficient Search Agents with Zero Labels

Qin-Wen Luo, Sheng Ren, Xiang Chen, Rui Liu, Jun Fang, Naiqiang Tan, Jun Wang, Hua Chai 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Deep search agents extend language models by interleaving reasoning with external retrieval. However, effective search-agent training requires addressing two challenges beyond final-answer optimization. First, the capability frontier of agents is largely determined by training questions, whereas fixed or labeled task collections cannot adapt as agents improve. Second, outcome-only reinforcement learning treats all successful trajectories equally, even when some correct answers rely on redundant searches, creating an inherent tension between answer accuracy and tool efficiency. To address these issues, we introduce \textsc{ZEST-Search}, a zero-label and tool-efficient framework for search-agent training via heterogeneous co-evolution. Starting from unlabeled reference questions, \textsc{ZEST-Search} constructs validated search tasks online through an answer-first and evidence-path-guided generation process. A heterogeneous proposer adaptively constructs training tasks around the solver's evolving capability boundary, while the solver learns search-augmented reasoning through reinforcement learning. To jointly optimize task difficulty and search efficiency, \textsc{ZEST-Search} employs an intermediate-difficulty reward for the proposer and a task-local tool-aware reward for the solver, encouraging informative tasks and correct answers with fewer redundant searches. Experiments on seven general-domain and multi-hop question answering benchmarks demonstrate that \textsc{ZEST-Search} consistently improves search-agent performance while achieving higher tool efficiency without labeled search-training data or expert search trajectories. Further analyses show that heterogeneous generation, adaptive difficulty control, and tool-aware optimization enable more effective search-agent training.

cs.LG · cs.AI · cs.IR

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.39001

AlbumVSR: Identity-Preserving Face Video Super-Resolution from a Personal Photo Album

Nianyao Du, Xijun Wang, Stanley H. Chan

原文摘要

Severe blur, downsampling, noise, and compression can erase the identity cues needed to faithfully restore a person's face. We therefore use photographs of the same person as an external source of identity. AlbumVSR conditions a frozen, one-step streaming diffusion transformer on a personal album. We use four MagFace/CLIP set tokens to encode the album, and 64 texture tokens which come from a fused UV atlas rendered at the current window's estimated face pose. These tokens are appended to the transformer's cached cross-attention context. On an identity-disjoint VoxCeleb2 benchmark with heavy synthetic degradation, AlbumVSR raises ArcFace similarity to the ground truth from 0.586 to 0.670 and face PSNR from 24.98 to 26.71 dB. On the 91 test identities, its mean identity similarity is higher than that of all 14 baselines.

cs.CV · eess.IV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2610.31066

Dual Exam: Controlled Evaluation of Multimodal Agents and World Models

Zhefan Rao, Meng Chu, Xuan Billy Zhang, Jingfan Chen, Guohao Cai, Runyi Li, Shiyi Du, Xu Huang 等 92 位作者

原文摘要

World Models (WMs) can support Multimodal Agents (MAs) through simulated experience, while Agent trajectories can inform World Model refinement. Evaluating this interaction requires separate evidence about action selection and state evolution. We introduce Dual Exam, which tests Agents under fixed environment response mechanisms and World Models under fixed action interventions across physical, digital, social, and scientific domains. The Agent track compares 10 configurations on 1,088 items in 15 reporting categories. The World Model track contains 400 cases across eight scenarios; 15 configurations have full coverage and one covers six scenarios. GPT 6 Astra leads the case-weighted Agent Index at 31.3, and GPT-Image-2 leads the full-coverage WM Overall at 21.7. These scores use different tasks and metrics and are not directly comparable. A 150-case pilot of one coupled pairing records zero task successes and motivates component-level diagnosis. Results reveal uneven task performance and failures to preserve task-relevant state. Their value for predicting coupled success or sustained reciprocal learning remains to be established.

cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.38096

Calculation and rejection diverge in language models tested at known mechanical limits

Shaoliang Yang, Jun Wang

原文摘要

When a language model returns engineering quantities with the status "solved", software that trusts it passes them on, even when the requested design is physically impossible. Such failures could reflect poor calculation, how the answer is requested, or a failure to judge feasibility. We set beam loads and disk speeds at known percentages above or below plastic collapse or burst, measured each model's limit calculation separately and tested 12 models in 4,860 calls, including follow-up experiments on new designs. We find that a model can recognize an impossible design when asked only whether it is feasible, yet accept the same design, reporting "solved", when asked for a full answer. Three models accepted beams 10 to 30% beyond collapse despite precise limit calculations in separate questions, and many accepted replies stated the violation. Asked only about feasibility, Opus 5 and Gemini 3.8 Flash rejected every impossible new design they were given, including those accepted in full answers, without false alarms. Rewording when to decline or changing the answer format raised rejection on the original beams, but not consistently on new designs. Software and benchmarks using a model's status should test feasibility judgment and full-answer rejection separately, and report the exact prompt.

cs.CE · cs.AI · cs.CL

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.37307

EdgePace: Deadline- and Freshness-Aware LLM Scheduling on Unified-Memory Platforms

Teng Mei, Chengxuan Pei, Weijun Wang, Jie Wu, Marco Canini, Yunming Xiao

原文摘要

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly run on edge devices alongside tasks that continuously process sensor data. In many applications, these foreground tasks prepare observations as inputs to the LLM, whose outputs guide subsequent processing or actions. The observations must be processed by foreground deadlines, and LLM feedback must arrive while its source observations remain useful. Yet the CPU and accelerators share a unified-memory system, so LLM inference can delay foreground processing through memory-bandwidth contention even when compute resources remain available. We present EdgePace, a bandwidth-aware runtime that protects foreground deadlines while sustaining timely LLM feedback. EdgePace creates safe suspension points across prefill and decode, monitors foreground memory demand and stalls at low cost, and schedules inference according to contention risk, deadline slack, and output freshness. We evaluate EdgePace on a OnePlus 13 and three NVIDIA Jetson platforms using multi-camera processing and robotic target tracking. Relative to unmanaged inference, it reduces foreground deadline misses by 24.1%--96.1% while retaining 64.9%--98.5% of LLM throughput. All measured LLM outputs arrive within their task-defined freshness windows. On OnePlus 13, for example, camera deadline misses fall by 91.3% while 90.4% of LLM throughput is retained.

cs.PF

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.36866

UniPCH: A Unified Framework for Cross-Chain Payments via Payment Channel Hubs

Yuanming Shao, Yuming Feng, Weizhe Zhang, Bin Xiao, Song Guo, Zejun Wang

原文摘要

Payment channel hubs (PCHs) enable private cross-chain payments, but existing protocols remain difficult to extend across heterogeneous blockchains. Their payment flows often depend on how particular blockchains represent transactions, authorize channel updates, and settle balances. Some protocols do not explain how their channels are implemented on actual blockchains. Supporting a new ledger or execution model requires a corresponding channel realization and may also require protocol adaptation and security analysis. We present UniPCH, a framework with two layers that separates native channel execution from private cross-chain payment logic. The lower UniPC layer defines common state transitions and security requirements. It separates task authorization from confirmation of the complete channel state. We provide realizations for UTXO ledgers and account ledgers that support smart contracts. At the upper layer, we develop selective re-signing blind conditional signatures (S-RBCS) to coordinate conditional authorization across hubs. Using S-RBCS, we construct a payment protocol that coordinates different channels in four phases. Our analysis establishes local UniPC security, griefing resistance, economic atomicity, and session unlinkability. We implement a Go prototype and evaluate the running time and bandwidth of each phase under different network conditions and system parameters. Results show modest computational overhead from the common interfaces. Most evaluated configurations run faster than comparable schemes under network delay. A full refresh ablation shows that reusing valid task evidence reduces computation and communication costs in the account realization.

cs.CR

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v3arXiv:2607.13884

Experience Memory Graph: Extracting Reusable Correction Knowledge from Agent Trajectories

Wenjun Wang, Yuchen Fang, Fengrui Liu, Zibo Liang, Kai Zheng

原文摘要

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have shown remarkable capabilities in autonomous decision-making by generating sequential trajectories of states, actions, and observations. However, in complex, long-horizon tasks, these agents frequently suffer from compounding errors and struggle to recover from failures. Despite advances in experience memory, extracting reliable and transferable correction knowledge from historical trajectories remains challenging. Existing methods, whether based on test-time reflection or offline memory construction, largely rely on LLMs to diagnose failures and formulate corrective strategies, which can produce brittle or task-specific insights that are difficult to generalize. To address this challenge, we propose Experience Memory Graph (EMG), a framework that reformulates agent failure recovery as a graph matching problem. During offline construction on the training set, we convert both failed exploration trajectories and successful expert trajectories into directed action decision graphs. By matching these graphs, we extract common subgraphs and graph edit paths that explicitly indicate how to correct failures, and store them in a memory graph with intra-task nodes and cross-task edges. At test time, EMG retrieves relevant insights and guides the agent in a single test-time attempt without additional reflection-and-replay rounds. Experiments on ALFWorld and ScienceWorld demonstrate consistent improvements over the evaluated memory construction and competitive baselines across seen and unseen splits.

cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.36711

PrivacyEvalClaw: A Tool-Augmented Deliberative Agent for Auditing Privacy Leakage in LLM Jailbreak Responses

Krishna Kanth Nakka, Yujun Wang, Shijie Zhou, Tu Nguyen, Gabriele Gelardi, Xuebing Zhou

原文摘要

Reliable evaluation is a critical bottleneck in privacy red-teaming of large language models (LLMs): determining whether a jailbreak response actually reveals personal information can be difficult when disclosures are indirect, contextual, partial, or obfuscated. Existing evaluation approaches increasingly rely on guard models and LLM-as-Judges, yet these evaluators may interpret the same response differently. To better characterize this evaluation setting, we conduct a systematic study of privacy evaluators and find substantial disagreement, particularly in ambiguous cases that require additional evidence or targeted analysis to resolve. Motivated by these findings, we introduce \textsc{PrivacyEvalClaw}, a training-free deliberative agent for evaluating privacy leakage in LLM jailbreak responses. Rather than relying on isolated single-pass judgments, PrivacyEvalClaw treats evaluators and analysis modules as tools, adaptively gathers evidence, investigates uncertain disclosures, and reconciles conflicting signals before producing a final judgment. Our primary experiments use pairwise LLM-as-Judge evaluation of complete trajectories, showing that PrivacyEvalClaw achieves favorable win rates against competing baselines across outcome, process, and overall quality, while producing explicit reasoning traces that make the evaluation process more transparent and auditable.

cs.CR

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v3arXiv:2610.26872

Commanding at the Speed of Sound: Audio-Centric Referring Expression Segmentation for Aerial Scenes

Ziyun Chen, Yijun Wang, Chuanyi Zhang, Liang Yao, Yuexuan An, Xiang Gu, Wei Zhou, Fan Liu

原文摘要

Referring expression segmentation (RES) aims to localize targets at the pixel level guided by human instructions. However, current models predominantly follow a text-centric paradigm that treats discrete text as the primary interaction medium for these human instructions. This assumption is especially limiting in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) applications, where rapid response, hands-free operation, and natural communication are often critical. In this paper, we reconstruct UAV referring expression segmentation through an audio-centric perspective. Grounded in information theory, we demonstrate that raw audio provides a higher upper bound for extracting rich semantic features than transcribed text. To achieve this, we construct an audio-driven UAV referring expression segmentation benchmark named Aerial-AudioRES by augmenting VisDrone with synthesized speech, forming "audio-text-image-mask" quadruples. Specifically, we employ an ambiguity filtering mechanism to ensure referential uniqueness, and incorporate eight distinct timbres alongside 4 realistic noises to simulate authentic environments. To drive the paradigm shift from text-centric to audio-centric, we propose the end-to-end Audio-centric Referring Expression Segmentation Network (ARES-Net). Distinct from discrete text-visual matching, our approach learns to establish a direct soft alignment between continuous acoustic manifolds and multi-scale visual representations. Comprehensive experiments show that our method obtains a peak accuracy of 64.23% in oIoU and demonstrates robust generalization on a collected real-human test set. Furthermore, it significantly reduces total interaction latency to one-third of the text-based method. Our code is available at https://github.com/LemonGauss/ARES-Net.

cs.SD · eess.AS · eess.IV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2607.01104

CausalMix: Data Mixture as Causal Inference for Language Model Training

Zinan Tang, Yukun Zhang, Shaomian Zheng, Zhuoshi Pan, Qizhi Pei, Dingnan Jin, Qing Cui, Jun Zhou 等 10 位作者

原文摘要

In Large Language Model (LLM) training, data mixing plays a pivotal role in determining model performance. Recent methods optimize mixture weights via proxy models, but they rely on the assumption of static data distributions. As a result, when the underlying data pool shifts, these methods require costly retraining from scratch. This limitation restricts their ability to scale seamlessly from small settings to larger data pools and model sizes. In this paper, we propose CausalMix to address this limitation by casting data mixture optimization as a causal inference problem. We formulate the statistical features of the data pool as covariates and the domain mixture as the treatment. After fitting a causal model on 512 runs of Qwen2.5-0.5B to estimate the Conditional Average Treatment Effect (CATE), we extrapolate the optimal mixture for an 800K data pool and apply it to train a 7B model. Furthermore, we successfully generalize the framework to long chain-of-thought data on Qwen3-4B-Base. By leveraging causal modeling to isolate confounding biases, CausalMix infers state-dependent data mixtures offline, with the selected mixture fixed during each training run. Extensive experiments show that the mixture guided by CausalMix achieves competitive performance across downstream tasks compared with other baselines. The CATE Interpreter visualizes the learned mixing strategy. Overall, CausalMix offers a causal and interpretable framework for optimizing LLM data mixtures.

cs.LG · cs.AI · cs.CL

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.34957

Consequence-guided clarification: releasing minimum-compliance topology-optimized designs from incomplete specifications

Shaoliang Yang, Jun Wang

原文摘要

A converged topology optimization can solve the wrong problem when loads, supports, or the domain are underspecified. Assuming defaults, or asking the problem's author about every detail, ignores how much each answer changes the design. We propose consequence-guided clarification (CGC), which bases acceptance on computed mechanical consequences. CGC computes a reference design for each of a finite list of complete specifications, called readings. A design is accepted only if its compliance is at most 5% above the reference at every reading consistent with the answers. Otherwise, CGC asks the question whose worst answer leaves the smallest worst-case excess, and withholds acceptance at its question limit. To save optimizations, the screening variant CGC-S postpones some references until a candidate must be checked. We developed and evaluated both on 36 arXiv-derived tasks, treating each of 134 readings in turn as intended and simulating correct answers. In 26 tasks, the default-reading design failed another reading. Apart from always-asked questions on load direction, sign, and material budget, asking everything took 188 questions; CGC and CGC-S each took 105. The acceptance test supplied most of this saving: applying it to the default design alone took 117. Relative to asking everything, CGC-S requested 4.6 extra reference designs per avoided question, each from two optimization starts, counting optimization time only. References are not certified optima: better ones pushed three accepted cases above tolerance, and finer meshes changed some decisions. Within these limits, the test shows which readings a design covers and which details block acceptance.

cs.CE

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v3arXiv:2604.00004

LinearARD: Linear-Memory Attention Distillation for RoPE Restoration

Ning Yang, Hengyu Zhong, Wentao Wang, Baoliang Tian, Yuan Zhou, Haijun Zhang, Jun Wang

原文摘要

The extension of context windows in Large Language Models is typically facilitated by scaling positional encodings followed by Continued Pre-Training (CPT). While effective, this paradigm is notoriously data-hungry and computationally expensive, requiring massive long-text corpora to recalibrate the model to the shifted positional distribution. We propose LinearARD, a restoration distillation method that restores Rotary Position Embedding (RoPE)-scaled students through attention-structure consistency with a frozen native-RoPE teacher. Rather than next-token prediction or opaque hidden-state matching, LinearARD aligns row-wise distributions of dense $Q/Q$, $K/K$, and $V/V$ self-relation matrices from the final attention layer to directly supervise attention dynamics. To remove the quadratic memory bottleneck of $n \times n$ relation maps, we introduce a linear-activation-memory kernel that stores only per-token log-sum-exp statistics and recomputes logits in the backward pass to obtain exact Kullback-Leibler divergence gradients. Across LLaMA2-7B, LLaMA3-8B, and Mistral-7B-v0.1 extended to 32K context, LinearARD recovers 93.1%/94.2%/94.3% of native short-context performance and achieves strong long-context robustness on RULER using only 4.25M tokens---amounting to just 1.6% (a $\sim$60$\times$ reduction) of the 256M-token budget required by state-of-the-art baselines. Under this severely constrained budget, CPT and LongReD remain near zero on RULER, demonstrating that relation-level restoration provides a substantially better efficiency-quality tradeoff. Our code is available at https://github.com/gracefulning/LinearARD.

cs.CL · cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2504.07462

Learning Universal Features for Generalizable Image Forgery Localization

Hengrun Zhao, Yunzhi Zhuge, Yifan Wang, Lijun Wang, Huchuan Lu, Yu Zeng

原文摘要

In recent years, advanced image editing and generation methods have rapidly evolved, making detecting and locating forged image content increasingly challenging. Most existing image forgery detection methods rely on identifying the edited traces left in the image. However, because the traces of different forgeries are distinct, these methods can identify familiar forgeries included in the training data but struggle to handle unseen ones. In response, we present an approach for Generalizable Image Forgery Localization (GIFL). Once trained, our model can detect both seen and unseen forgeries, providing a more practical and efficient solution to counter false information in the era of generative AI. Our method focuses on learning general features from the pristine content rather than traces of specific forgeries, which are relatively consistent across different types of forgeries and therefore can be used as universal features to locate unseen forgeries. Additionally, as existing image forgery datasets are still dominated by traditional hand-crafted forgeries, we construct a new dataset consisting of images edited by various popular deep generative image editing methods to further encourage research in detecting images manipulated by deep generative models. Extensive experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods in the detection of unseen forgeries and also demonstrates competitive results for seen forgeries. The code and dataset are available at https://github.com/ZhaoHengrun/GIFL.

cs.CV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2605.24218

QUEST: Training Frontier Deep Research Agents with Fully Synthetic Tasks

Jian Xie, Tianhe Lin, Zilu Wang, Yuting Ning, Yuekun Yao, Tianci Xue, Zhehao Zhang, Zhongyang Li 等 19 位作者

原文摘要

Deep research agents extend the role of search engines from retrieving keyword-matched pages to synthesizing knowledge, fundamentally changing how humans interact with information. However, frontier systems remain proprietary, while existing open agents often generalize poorly across different task types, leaving unclear how to train a broadly capable deep research agent. We release QUEST, a family of open models (ranging from 2B to 35B) that serve as general-purpose deep research agents designed to handle a wide range of long-horizon search tasks, with strong capabilities in fact seeking, citation grounding, and report synthesis. To build QUEST, we propose an effective training recipe combining mid-training, supervised fine-tuning, and reinforcement learning. Central to this recipe is a curated data synthesis pipeline based on unified rubric trees, which applies to different task types and enables synthesizing training data with verifiable rewards without human annotation. In addition, QUEST incorporates a built-in context management mechanism that enables effective long-horizon reasoning and knowledge synthesis. Using only 8K synthesized tasks, QUEST approaches or even surpasses frontier closed-source agents across eight deep research benchmarks spanning diverse task types, and achieves the best overall performance among recent open-weight agents. We released everything: models, data, and training scripts.

cs.CL

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新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.22990HF 社区推荐

PersonaCUABench: Benchmarking Computer-Use Agents Serving Diverse Personas

Haoming Li, Defu Cao, Xu Hu, Yingtao Luo, Yiyang Wang, Xianghe Xu, Jiashu He, Wanting Jiang 等 26 位作者

原文摘要

Computer-use agents (CUAs) are commonly evaluated against fixed task specifications, but users may omit requirements, add constraints, or require approval before consequential actions. Completing the benchmark instruction does not guarantee serving the person who asked. We introduce PersonaCUABench, which holds 74 tasks across 11 domains fixed and varies only who asks. A persona agent, playing one of 44 personas in four groups, rewrites each instruction in that user's own words and answers the CUA's questions, while the CUA sees only the dialogue, never the profile or the original instruction. Across nine backbones (3,330 runs), mean task completion falls by 36% relative to the original requests. The losses have two sources: in 59.9% of cells that lose points, the agent engages with what the user asked for and still gets it wrong, and 11.2% are stops the user requested that the checker scores as failures. Even when a persona request is fully completed, the user gives the top satisfaction rating in only 62.7% of cells, against 84.1% for the original requests. CUAs should therefore be evaluated not only on task completion but also on whether they meet the requirements and constraints users express. Code: https://github.com/MatrAIx-ai/PersonaCUABench. Project page: https://matraix.ai/research/persona-cua.html

cs.HC · cs.AI · cs.CY · cs.LG

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首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-industry.11ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

HAD: HAllucination Detection Language Models Based on a Comprehensive Hallucination Taxonomy

Fan Xu, Xinyu Hu, Zhenghan Yu, Li Lin, Xu Zhang, Yang Zhang, Wei Zhou, Jinjie Gu 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

The increasing reliance on natural language generation (NLG) models, particularly large language models, has raised concerns about the reliability and accuracy of their outputs. A key challenge is hallucination, where models produce plausible but incorrect information. As a result, hallucination detection has become a critical task. In this work, we introduce a comprehensive hallucination taxonomy with 11 categories across various NLG tasks and propose the HAllucination Detection (HAD) models, which integrate hallucination detection, span-level identification, and correction into a single inference process. Trained on an elaborate synthetic dataset of about 90K samples, our HAD models are versatile and can be applied to various NLG tasks. We also carefully annotate a test set for hallucination detection, called HADTest, which contains 2,248 samples. Evaluations on in-domain and out-of-domain test sets show that our HAD models generally outperform the existing baselines, achieving state-of-the-art results on HaluEval, FactCHD, and FaithBench, confirming their robustness and versatility.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 6: Industry Track) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-industry.147ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

TingIS: Real-time Risk Event Discovery from Noisy Customer Incidents at Enterprise Scale

Jun Wang, Ziyin Zhang, Rui Wang, Hang Yu, Peng Di, Rui Wang

原文摘要

Real-time detection and mitigation of technical anomalies are critical for large-scale cloud-native services, where even minutes of downtime can result in massive financial losses and diminished user trust. While customer incidents serve as a vital signal for discovering risks missed by monitoring, extracting actionable intelligence from this data remains challenging due to extreme noise, high throughput, and semantic complexity of diverse business lines. In this paper, we present TingIS, an end-to-end system designed for enterprise-grade incident discovery. At the core of TingIS is a multi-stage event unification engine that synergizes efficient indexing techniques with Large Language Models (LLMs) to make informed decisions on event merging, enabling the stable extraction of actionable incidents from just a handful of diverse user descriptions. This engine is complemented by a cascaded routing mechanism for precise business attribution and a multi-dimensional noise reduction pipeline that integrates domain knowledge, statistical patterns, and behavioral filtering. Deployed in a production environment handling a peak throughput of over 2,000 messages per minute and 300,000 messages per day, TingIS achieves a P90 alert latency of 3.5 minutes and a 95% discovery rate for high-priority incidents. Benchmarks constructed from real-world data demonstrate that TingIS significantly outperforms baseline methods in routing accuracy, clustering quality, and Signal-to-Noise Ratio.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 6: Industry Track) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-industry.46ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

ColorBrowserAgent: Complex Long-Horizon Browser Agent with Adaptive Knowledge Evolution

Jihong Wang, Jiamu Zhou, Weiming Zhang, Teng Wang, Weiwen Liu, Zhuosheng Zhang, Xingyu Lou, Weinan Zhang 等 10 位作者

原文摘要

With the advancement of vision-language models, web automation has made significant progress. However, deploying autonomous agents in real-world settings remains challenging, primarily due to site heterogeneity, where generalist models lack domain-specific priors for diverse interfaces, and long-horizon instability, characterized by the accumulation of decision drift over extended interactions. To address these challenges, we introduce ColorBrowserAgent (Complex Long-Horizon Browser Agent), a knowledge-evolving agent for robust web automation. Our approach addresses these challenges through two synergistic mechanisms: human-in-the-loop knowledge adaptation that transforms sparse human feedback into reusable domain knowledge, and knowledge-aligned progressive summarization that stabilizes long interactions through memory compression. Extensive experiments on WebArena, WebChoreArena and industrial deployment show that ColorBrowserAgent consistently outperforms strong baselines. It achieves a state-of-the-art success rate of 71.2% on WebArena and maintains 47.4% performance under zero-shot transfer setting on WebChoreArena. In commercial deployment, it improves user satisfaction by 19.3% relatively, verifying its robustness in real-world scenarios.

cs.CL · cs.CV

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 6: Industry Track) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-industry.65ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

ACRM: Multi-Agent Trajectory Learning for Automated Credit Risk Model Refreshing in Production

Liangzu Liu, Mengzhe Ruan, Xiaotian Chen, HaonanChen, XudongNiu, Wendi Yuan, YuechenLi, Yang Liu 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Credit risk models suffer from rapid performance decay due to distribution shifts, requiring frequent updates to meet strict operational guardrails. However, manual refreshing takes weeks of trial-and-error across upstream data engineering and downstream training. We present ACRM, a deployed multi-agent framework that automates the end-to-end credit modeling workflow by treating it as a learnable trajectory of agent interactions. Unlike AutoML, which optimizes hyperparameters on fixed datasets, ACRM’s action space extends to upstream data semantics—cohort selection, observation windowing, feature screening—where the majority of performance recovery occurs. A central Orchestrator coordinates specialist agents through a three-stream decision stack: rule-based safety guardrails, retrieval-augmented grounding from historical workflows, and preference alignment via DPO on expert-labeled trajectories. Deployed at a major fintech institution for three months across six business scenarios, ACRM reduced the average model refresh cycle from weeks to 1.1 days and iteration rounds by 65%, while maintaining superior stability metrics.

cs.CL · cs.MA

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 6: Industry Track) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.1025ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

RST-Guarder: Enhancing Long-Context Robustness for Safeguards via RST Parsing and Probabilistic Inference

Xu Zhang Peking University, Xiaojun Wan

原文摘要

As large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, ensuring the safety of their outputs is increasingly critical. To mitigate the risk of policy-violating responses, numerous guardrail models have been developed for harmful-content detection. While effective on short outputs, existing guardrails degrade on long-form responses, reflecting limited semantic understanding and weak robustness to contextual noise. To address these limitations, we propose RST-Guarder, an inference-time method that improves harmful-content detection for long-form inputs without additional data curation or model training. RST-Guarder first applies a RST parser to long-form inputs to get discourse-level semantic relations among segments, and subsequently performs hierarchical probabilistic inference to aggregate segment-level safety scores produced by pre-trained guardrail models. We evaluate RST-Guarder across multiple benchmarks and a diverse set of widely used guardrail models. Experimental results demonstrate that RST-Guarder consistently improves harmful-content detection on long-form inputs, while significantly reducing false positives that incorrectly classify benign content as harmful.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.1152ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

VLN-NF: Feasibility-Aware Vision-and-Language Navigation with False-Premise Instructions

Hung-Ting Su Delta Robotics Innovation Center, Ting-Jun Wang National Taiwan University, Jia-Fong Yeh Amazon, Min Sun Amazon and National Tsinghua University, Winston H. Hsu

原文摘要

Conventional Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) benchmarks assume instructions are feasible and the referenced target exists, leaving agents ill-equipped to handle false-premise goals. We introduce VLN-NF, a benchmark with false-premise instructions where the target is absent from the specified area and agents must navigate, gather evidence through in-room exploration, and explicitly output NOT-FOUND. VLN-NF is constructed via a scalable pipeline that rewrites VLN instructions using an LLM and verifies target absence with a VLM, producing plausible yet factually incorrect goals. We further propose REV-SPL to jointly evaluate room reaching, exploration coverage, and decision correctness. To address this challenge, we present ROAM, a two-stage hybrid that combines supervised room-level navigation with LLM/VLM-driven in-room exploration guided by a free-space clearance prior. ROAM achieves the best REV-SPL among compared methods, while baselines often under-explore and terminate prematurely under unreliable instructions. Code and data will be released upon acceptance.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.1206ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

Compiling Activation Steering into Weights via Null-Space Constraints for Stealthy Backdoors

Rui Yin Zhejiang University, Tianxu Han, Naen Xu Zhejiang University, Changjiang Li Palo Alto Networks, Ping He Zhejiang University, Chunyi Zhou, Jun Wang OPPO Research Institute, Zhihui Fu Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Corp.,Ltd. 等 11 位作者

原文摘要

Safety-aligned large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world pipelines, yet this deployment also enlarges the supply-chain attack surface: adversaries can distribute backdoored checkpoints that behave normally under standard evaluation but jailbreak when a hidden trigger is present. Recent post-hoc weight-editing methods offer an efficient approach to injecting such backdoors by directly modifying model weights to map a trigger to an attacker-specified response. However, existing methods typically optimize a token-level mapping that forces an affirmative prefix (e.g., “Sure”), which does not guarantee sustained harmful output—the model may begin with apparent agreement yet revert to safety-aligned refusal within a few decoding steps. We address this reliability gap by shifting the backdoor objective from surface tokens to internal representations. We extract a steering vector that captures the difference between compliant and refusal behaviors, and compile it into a persistent weight modification that activates only when the trigger is present. To preserve stealthiness and benign utility, we impose a null-space constraint so that the injected edit remains dormant on clean inputs. The method is efficient, requiring only a small set of examples and admitting a closed-form solution. Across multiple safety-aligned LLMs and jailbreak benchmarks, our method achieves high triggered attack success while maintaining non-triggered safety and general utility.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.1238ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

A Data-Efficient Path to Multilingual LLMs: Language Expansion via Post-training PARAM\Delta Integration into Upcycled MoE

Hao Zhou, Tianhao Li, Zhijun Wang, Shuaijie She, Linjuan Wu, Hao-Ran Wei, Baosong Yang, Jiajun Chen 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Expanding Large Language Models(LLMs) to new languages is a costly endeavor, demanding extensive Continued Pre-Training(CPT) and data-intensive alignment. While recent data-free merging techniques attempt to bypass alignment by fusing a multilingual CPT-enhanced model with its instruct counterpart, they are plagued by a critical trade-off: mitigating parameter conflicts to preserve original abilities inevitably dilutes new language acquisition, and vice-versa. To resolve this conflict, we introduce , which upcycles a dense model into a Mixture-of-Experts(MoE) architecture, allocating different experts to different languages. Alignment ability is then transferred by grafting a MoE-expanded parameter delta(\Delta_{\text{instruct}}) to the CPT-enhanced base model, bypassing the complex alignment phase. Experiments demonstrate ’s superiority even against baselines with similar FLOPs or number of parameters; it improves performance on expanded languages while effectively preserving original capabilities. We further show our approach is highly applicable across different models and Post-training deltas.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表