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新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.14424

DnNP:神经过程中的输入不确定性去噪

DnNP: Denoising Input Uncertainty in Neural Processes

Fatemeh Tohidian, Chengzhi Shi, Soomi Lee, Matthew Elia, Amy Mueller, Stratis Ioannidis, Jennifer Dy

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提出DnNP,在神经过程框架中显式建模输入噪声,通过变分推断联合去噪与元学习,以提升含噪输入下的预测与不确定性量化。

cs.LG

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Neural Processes (NPs) are flexible meta-learning models capable of uncertainty quantification across diverse applications. However, the standard NP framework assumes access to noise-free inputs. This is unrealistic in many practical settings, where sensor noise or measurement errors are unavoidable. This discrepancy between model assumptions and real-world data can significantly degrade prediction quality and uncertainty estimates. We introduce Denoising Neural Processes (DnNPs), a principled extension of the NP framework that explicitly models input uncertainty. We train DnNPs via variational inference. DnNPs jointly learn to denoise corrupted inputs and perform meta-learning, making them robust to noisy training data. We demonstrate DnNPs' effectiveness on both synthetic and real-world datasets, showing consistent improvements in prediction and uncertainty quantification compared to standard NPs. On PM2.5 spatial interpolation from real-world air quality sensors, DnNP reduces RMSE by up to 30% and NLL by up to 73% relative to standard NPs. We also provide theoretical grounding: we show that the Bayes-optimal predictor under noisy inputs belongs to the DnNP model class, and that plug-in models with fixed observation variance incur an irreducible KL divergence gap that DnNP provably avoids.