← 研踪 PaperTrailarXiv:2607.01671 · v3
Self-Referential $K$-SAT and the Finite Analogue of Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem
首次提交 2026-07-02 11:52
版本更新 2026-10-29 17:57
雷达观测 2026-10-30 13:28
摘要
We study self-reference and solution independence in Boolean $K$-SAT as a finite analogue of Gödel incompleteness. Independence is defined through factorial moments of the solution count. Constant-width random formulas fail this criterion due to correlations among overlapping assignments. At a covering threshold, logarithmic-width random CNFs have a Poisson solution count, with positive probabilities of unsatisfiability and unique satisfiability. Replacing a redundant clause by one falsified by the unique solution yields an unsatisfiable companion preserving the unsigned incidence graph. For every permitted local view of a good uniquely satisfiable formula, an unsatisfiable companion preserves that view. Irreducibility defeats deterministic and bounded-error evaluators using $N^c$ clause queries, for fixed $0<c<1$. It establishes a local information obstruction, not an unrestricted time lower bound. For fixed $δ>0$, transcripts of $N^{1-δ}$ queries leave $N-o(N)$ bits of witness entropy. On typical support graphs, expansion yields linear Resolution width, linear PC/PCR and SOS degree, and exponential proof size. Bounds hold for semantic Cutting Planes under a partition condition and for Positivstellensatz with bounded product width, uniformly over unsatisfiable support-preserving signings. Structural evidence and the limits of acceleration strategies motivate the self-referential $K$-SAT exhaustive-search hypothesis (SRK-ESH): no uniform deterministic algorithm deciding the promise family achieves a fixed proportional saving in the exponent. This dual-evidence criterion combines intrinsic hardness mechanisms with algorithmic evidence. We interpret this hypothesis as a quantitative projection of the Gödel-style local--global gap. The information obstruction constrains quantum local observation and statistical learning from bounded local information.
作者备注：44 pages; Section 7.2 added
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v3 · 2026-10-29 17:57 · 最新观测版本
Self-Referential $K$-SAT and the Finite Analogue of Gödel's Incompleteness Theorem
We study self-reference and solution independence in Boolean $K$-SAT as a finite analogue of Gödel incompleteness. Independence is defined through factorial moments of the solution count. Constant-width random formulas fail this criterion due to correlations among overlapping assignments. At a covering threshold, logarithmic-width random CNFs have a Poisson solution count, with positive probabilities of unsatisfiability and unique satisfiability. Replacing a redundant clause by one falsified by the unique solution yields an unsatisfiable companion preserving the unsigned incidence graph. For every permitted local view of a good uniquely satisfiable formula, an unsatisfiable companion preserves that view. Irreducibility defeats deterministic and bounded-error evaluators using $N^c$ clause queries, for fixed $0<c<1$. It establishes a local information obstruction, not an unrestricted time lower bound. For fixed $δ>0$, transcripts of $N^{1-δ}$ queries leave $N-o(N)$ bits of witness entropy. On typical support graphs, expansion yields linear Resolution width, linear PC/PCR and SOS degree, and exponential proof size. Bounds hold for semantic Cutting Planes under a partition condition and for Positivstellensatz with bounded product width, uniformly over unsatisfiable support-preserving signings. Structural evidence and the limits of acceleration strategies motivate the self-referential $K$-SAT exhaustive-search hypothesis (SRK-ESH): no uniform deterministic algorithm deciding the promise family achieves a fixed proportional saving in the exponent. This dual-evidence criterion combines intrinsic hardness mechanisms with algorithmic evidence. We interpret this hypothesis as a quantitative projection of the Gödel-style local--global gap. The information obstruction constrains quantum local observation and statistical learning from bounded local information.
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