← 研踪 PaperTrailarXiv:2610.34781 · v1
Uncovering the Turing Test's Latent Signal: Indistinguishability as a Reward
首次提交 2026-10-26 11:27
版本更新 2026-10-26 11:27
雷达观测 2026-10-29 00:36
摘要
Can a model learn by trying to fool another model? We show that it can. Inspired by the Turing Test and its recent generalization to arbitrary distinguishers, we introduce a domain-based teacher-Turing-Test, in which a stronger teacher model serves as both the target of imitation and the distinguisher, and a weaker student model is trained to make the teacher attribute responses to itself. We use this self-attribution (or fooling) probability as a reinforcement learning reward, without ever providing the student ground-truth answers, nor requiring the teacher to generate responses. We test our approach independently in four domains with verifiable answers: CommonsenseQA (reasoning), GSM8K (mathematics), KodCode (programming), and Spider (SQL), training a Qwen2.5-1.5B student/imitator model using DeepSeek V4 Flash as teacher/distinguisher. Beyond improving at passing the Turing Test, the student improves on independent, held-out evaluations in all domains and runs. To probe why being mistaken for the teacher can improve capability, our analyses reveal that self-attribution is associated with correctness -- substantially more than formatting changes -- and that it rewards partial correctness. Our results demonstrate a new, simple teacher-student training paradigm with a private and/or high-cost teacher. They also suggest that indistinguishability need not merely measure behavior -- it can also be a mechanism for learning.
作者备注：26 pages, 9 figures
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v1 · 2026-10-26 11:27 · 最新观测版本
Uncovering the Turing Test's Latent Signal: Indistinguishability as a Reward
Can a model learn by trying to fool another model? We show that it can. Inspired by the Turing Test and its recent generalization to arbitrary distinguishers, we introduce a domain-based teacher-Turing-Test, in which a stronger teacher model serves as both the target of imitation and the distinguisher, and a weaker student model is trained to make the teacher attribute responses to itself. We use this self-attribution (or fooling) probability as a reinforcement learning reward, without ever providing the student ground-truth answers, nor requiring the teacher to generate responses. We test our approach independently in four domains with verifiable answers: CommonsenseQA (reasoning), GSM8K (mathematics), KodCode (programming), and Spider (SQL), training a Qwen2.5-1.5B student/imitator model using DeepSeek V4 Flash as teacher/distinguisher. Beyond improving at passing the Turing Test, the student improves on independent, held-out evaluations in all domains and runs. To probe why being mistaken for the teacher can improve capability, our analyses reveal that self-attribution is associated with correctness -- substantially more than formatting changes -- and that it rewards partial correctness. Our results demonstrate a new, simple teacher-student training paradigm with a private and/or high-cost teacher. They also suggest that indistinguishability need not merely measure behavior -- it can also be a mechanism for learning.
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