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版本更新 · v2arXiv:2607.13940

A Self-Evolving Agent for Longitudinal Personal Health Management

Haoran Li, Jiebi Deng, Tong Jin, Jinghong Han, Yuxin Wang, Zexin Wang, Jinyu Sun, Qingyi Si 等 14 位作者

原文摘要

Medical large language models and agents show strong single-encounter question answering and evidence interpretation but struggle to accumulate and govern experience across encounters. We present HealthJev, an open-source agent separating shared safety rules and medical knowledge from a private longitudinal memory and distilling lessons from completed cases. To filter out erroneous lessons before they affect future behaviour, we self-train JevGate, a lightweight System-One model that decides which lessons enter memory; each decision takes a median of 86 milliseconds and about 1,000 input tokens, sustaining experience accumulation at negligible run-time overhead. On a longitudinal benchmark of 90-day simulated daily interactions for 20 users built from real MIMIC-IV trajectories, HealthJev outperformed a memory-free ReAct agent and three memory-augmented frameworks, with all paired comparisons significant. Across six tasks spanning clinical records, medical imaging, genomics and clinical text, HealthJev improved every task with a mean gain of 13.3 percentage points over the base condition, surpassing all baselines. The frozen library transferred to six further backbones with macro-average gains of 6.8 to 15.1 percentage points, and one task's library brought gains on other tasks. These results indicate that governed, self-evolving memory supports longitudinal personal health management beyond single encounters. HealthJev is publicly available at https://github.com/HC-Guo/Self-Evolving_HealthJev.

cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v3arXiv:2606.00180

Beyond Augmentation: Score-Guided Pathological Prior for EEG-based Depression Detection

Xiaojing Chen, Jingqi Cheng, Xu Zhao, Wan Jiang, Jingjing Wu

原文摘要

Deep learning-based Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) detection using Electroencephalography (EEG) is fundamentally constrained by the "small-sample dilemma." Prevailing generative data augmentation methods not only incur heavy computational overhead but also risk introducing synthetic noise, thereby blurring classification boundaries. To challenge the traditional "data quantity first" convention, we propose a novel framework "Beyond Augmentation": Score-Guided Classification (SGC). SGC does not synthesize pseudo-samples; instead, it utilizes an unsupervised generative network architecture to model the structural and statistical anomaly degrees of samples, serving as the core "Pathological Prior". This prior, after robust normalization, is explicitly fused with deep feature representations, thereby precisely guiding the classifier's decision boundary. Furthermore, to dynamically adapt to varying channel configurations, we propose a Cross-Channel Spatial Adaptation module, utilizing a spatial mapping mechanism to effectively resolve the hardware heterogeneity of mismatched channels in multi-center datasets. Extensive experiments on the Mumtaz2016 and high-density MODMA datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and exceptional generalizability of our method under the challenging "zero data augmentation" setting and at "zero sample synthesis cost". Keywords: Electroencephalography (EEG), Depression Detection, Anomaly Score, Diffusion Models, Few-Shot Learning

cs.LG · cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2607.17243

LenGuard-GPC: Length Guarding with Guided-Prompt Consistency for Spatial Reasoning Reinforcement Learning

Xingjian Tao, Yiwei Wang, Yujun Cai, Xinghua Qu, Jing Tang

原文摘要

Multi-view spatial reasoning requires vision-language models to compare visual evidence across images, align object correspondences, and infer spatial relations over long visual contexts, a setting where chain-of-thought reasoning tends to grow verbose without becoming more accurate. Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards is a natural fit for this task, but standard GRPO reward relies on sparse outcome-level feedback and gives no signal about where a reasoning trajectory goes wrong, nor any control over its length. We propose LenGuard-GPC, a dense reward framework that addresses both problems together. For each sampled trajectory, it compares the token-wise predictive distributions under a standard prompt and a guided prompt, and uses the resulting token-sum KL divergence as a dense reward signal. Since this KL penalty accumulates over tokens and would otherwise reward shorter responses regardless of their quality, we introduce a staged length bonus that keeps reasoning length within a controlled range without simply encouraging brevity. On six multi-view spatial reasoning benchmarks, LenGuard-GPC improves accuracy over vanilla GRPO while reducing average response length.

cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04472

Beyond Token Representations: Explicit Visual Object Grounding for Video Reasoning Segmentation

Jun Huang, Junyang Zhang, Zijie Yue, Bingkun Wang, Yong Luo, Miaojing Shi

原文摘要

Video Reasoning Segmentation (VRS) aims to infer and segment target objects specified by reasoning queries in videos. Existing methods typically first infer the target and generate a few segmentation tokens for it, which are then fed into a mask decoder for mask prediction. However, such segmentation tokens tend to be both semantically monotonous and spatially ambiguous, making them largely insufficient to represent the target to guide mask prediction. In this paper, we propose an explicit visual object grounding framework for VRS. Specifically, we first propose a spatial-aware prompt generation and refinement scheme, in which we query a multimodal large language model to generate explicit spatial prompts (i.e., bounding box and point set) for the target and then refine them through multi-step dialogue. Furthermore, we introduce a query diversification and alignment module to generate auxiliary queries that describe the same target from different perspectives. We then enforce cross-query consistency between their predicted spatial prompts to alleviate the training bias caused by query limitations. Finally, we select several reliable frames using a prompt-based keyframe selection strategy to support mask decoding and propagation. Extensive experiments on eight datasets demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods. The code is available at https://github.com/viscom-tongji/EVOG.

cs.CV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2611.00633

Evidence-grounded large language models guide perovskite solar cell design and optimization

YanKai Chen, Zhi Wan, ZiHao Li, Tao Jing

原文摘要

Using large language models to interpret experimental evidence, design discriminating experiments and formulate well-supported mechanistic explanations remains a central challenge in materials research. Here we establish PSM-Bench, an 800-question benchmark developed by perovskite researchers to evaluate scientific reasoning in perovskite photovoltaics. We also introduce OpenPerov, an expert-informed language-model framework that learns from expert-calibrated evidence records reconstructed from 4,035 training articles; these records link experimental strategies, controls and observations to mechanistic interpretations. Structured-evidence adaptation outperformed conventional question-answer training, and OpenPerov Flash ranked first among 13 closed-book systems. OpenPerov Pro raised Scientific Mastery further, from 87.6 to 89.1, by revising selected passages with retrieved evidence. On questions derived from subsequent studies, both models also outscored expert-authored answers. In an experimental test of self-assembled monolayer design, OpenPerov selected a K analogue that outperformed the Na analogue preferred by experts. Devices incorporating the selected contact reached a power conversion efficiency of 27.05% and retained 96.74% of their initial efficiency after 1,000 h of dark thermal ageing at 85 $^\circ$C. These results show that reconstructed scientific reasoning provides an effective basis for building domain models that interpret experiments and inform materials design.

cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v3arXiv:2610.09536

MagCilia: A Compact Magnetociliary Tactile Sensor with 3D Force Sensing for Robotic Contact Perception and Grasping Feedback

Yu Feng, Hao Wu, Haotian Guo, Haoming Liu, William Su, Jingxiang Guo, Jiankun Li, Masayoshi Tomizuka 等 10 位作者

原文摘要

Robotic grasping and surface exploration benefit from simultaneous measurement of normal and tangential forces and from surface information obtained through contact. Here, we present a compact magnetociliary tactile sensor (MagCilia) that combines a flexible magnetic-cilia structure with a Hall sensor for 3D force sensing. Quasi-static finite element analysis is used to investigate structural deformation and magnetic responses under multidirectional loading. To reconstruct forces from the coupled magnetic channels, we propose causal history fusion regression (CHFR), which combines current magnetic-field measurements with their recent changes. Five-fold cross-validation grouped by calibration record yields root-mean-square errors of 0.40, 0.57, and 0.69 N for Fx, Fy, and Fz, respectively, with corresponding coefficients of determination of 0.93, 0.90, and 0.92. Robotic experiments demonstrate tangential-force-guided gripper adjustment and multi-axis load monitoring under external perturbations. Frequency-domain features of the reconstructed forces distinguish six surface categories with 99.39% accuracy in three-fold cross-validation grouped by acquisition session. An online robotic demonstration additionally identifies all six tested surfaces. These results demonstrate 3D force reconstruction, grasping feedback, and surface recognition using a single compact tactile unit.

cs.RO

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2605.31033

SlotMemory: Object-Centric KV Memory for Streaming Long-Video Generation

Weijia Dou, Hui Li, Jiahao Cui, Lei Zhou, Jingdong Wang, Siyu Zhu

原文摘要

Streaming video generation models typically rely on temporal-centric memory, organizing historical context as latent queues, compressed context tokens, or unclustered token sets. This often causes identity drift and semantic inconsistency when entities exit the frame or during interactive prompt transitions. To address these limitations, we propose SlotMemory, an object-centric Key-Value (KV) memory mechanism for streaming video diffusion. Our approach shifts memory abstraction from ``when'' an event occurred to ``what'' is represented by decomposing the transformer's KV manifold into discrete, reusable semantic slots. Because the slots serve only as routing addresses and the stored content remains the original transformer KV tokens, the mechanism adds entity-level persistence and prompt-aware retrieval across long horizons. Evaluated on 60-second interactive narratives using the Wan2.1-T2V-1.3B backbone, SlotMemory achieves the highest Dynamic Degree among evaluated streaming methods and the second-highest aggregate Quality Score, preserving prompt adherence rather than trading it away for consistency. At the 30-second horizon, SlotMemory leads in Total, Quality, and Dynamic Degree, improving Dynamic Degree by 31.2% over MemFlow, the strongest memory-based baseline. Our results support treating structured semantic representation, rather than raw temporal capacity, as a critical primitive for persistent long-form video synthesis.

cs.CV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v3arXiv:2604.14626

ELMoE-3D: Leveraging Intrinsic Elasticity of MoE for Hybrid-Bonding-Enabled Self-Speculative Decoding in On-Premises Serving

Yuseon Choi, Jingu Lee, Jungjun Oh, Sunjoo Whang, Byeongcheol Kim, Minsung Kim, Junhyuk Lee, Hoi-Jun Yoo 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have become the dominant architecture for large-scale language models, yet on-premises serving remains fundamentally memory-bound as batching turns sparse per-token compute into dense memory activation. Memory-centric architectures (PIM, NMP) improve bandwidth but leave compute underutilized under MoE's low arithmetic intensity on high batch sizes. Speculative decoding (SD) trades idle compute for fewer target invocations, yet verification must load experts even for rejected tokens, severely limiting its benefit in MoE especially on low batch sizes. We propose ELMoE-3D, a hybrid-bonding (HB)-based HW-SW co-designed framework that unifies cache-based acceleration and speculative decoding to offer overall speedup across batch sizes. We identify two intrinsic elasticity axes of MoE---expert and bit---and jointly scale them to construct Elastic Self-Speculative Decoding (Elastic-SD), which serves as both an expert cache and a strongly aligned self-draft model accelerated by high HB bandwidth. Our LSB-augmented bit-sliced architecture exploits inherent redundancy in bit-slice representations to natively support bit-nested execution. On our 3D-stacked hardware, ELMoE-3D achieves an average $6.6\times$ speedup and $4.4\times$ energy efficiency gain over naive MoE serving on xPU across batch sizes 1--16, and delivers $2.2\times$ speedup and $1.4\times$ energy efficiency gain over prior accelerator baselines.

cs.LG · cs.AI · cs.AR · cs.DC

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v3arXiv:2504.12948

Algorithms for the Shortest Vector Problem in $2$-dimensional Lattices, Revisited

Lihao Zhao, Chengliang Tian, Jingguo Bi, Guangwu Xu, Jia Yu

原文摘要

Efficiently solving the Shortest Vector Problem (SVP) in two-dimensional lattices holds practical significance in cryptography and computational geometry. While simpler than its high-dimensional counterpart, two-dimensional SVP motivates scalable solutions for high-dimensional lattices and benefits applications like sequence cipher cryptanalysis involving large integers. In this work, we first propose a novel definition of reduced bases and develop an efficient adaptive lattice reduction algorithm \textbf{CrossEuc} that strategically applies the Euclidean algorithm across dimensions. Building on this framework, we introduce \textbf{HVec}, a vectorized generalization of the Half-GCD algorithm originally defined for integers, which can efficiently halve the bit-length of two vectors and may have independent interest. By iteratively invoking \textbf{HVec}, our optimized algorithm \textbf{HVecSBP} achieves a reduced basis in $O(\log n M(n) )$ time for arbitrary input bases with bit-length $n$, where $M(n)$ denotes the cost of multiplying two $n$-bit integers. Compared to existing algorithms, our design is applicable to general forms of input lattices, eliminating the cost of pre-converting input bases to Hermite Normal Form (HNF). The comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that for the input lattice bases in HNF, the optimized algorithm \textbf{HVecSBP} achieves at least a $13.5\times$ efficiency improvement compared to existing methods. For general-form input lattice bases, converting them to HNF before applying \textbf{HVecSBP} offers only marginal advantages in extreme cases where the two basis vectors are nearly degenerate. However, as the linear dependency between input basis vectors decreases, directly employing \textbf{HVecSBP} yields increasingly significant efficiency gains, outperforming hybrid approaches that rely on prior \textbf{HNF} conversion.

cs.CG · cs.CR

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04420

Verifier strength does not buy discovery quality: a pre-registered two-domain test of LLM-based automated research, with post-hoc evidence pointing to proposer-pool composition

Peter Chen, Ni Zhang, Siyuan Zhang

原文摘要

Automated research pipelines pair an LLM proposer with a verifier on an implicit bet: discovery quality rises with verification strength. Under a pre-registered protocol we test this bet in two real-data domains -- job-shop scheduling and vehicular edge offloading on Beijing T-Drive trajectories -- across 100 matched LLM/random pairs per domain and three verifier tiers. The manipulation binds -- a 429-case mutation battery shows scores rising across tiers -- yet the paired LLM-over-random advantage does not scale with it (A, one-sided p=0.1115; D, p=0.9994), and in D shrinks under the strict tier (margin contrast -0.040, p=0.0013). The two lower gates promote identical candidates in 100/100 and 99/100 pairs, so the strict order is untestable when they coincide. Constructively, LLM proposals carry a real paired advantage over random controls, but a post-hoc union-pool analysis shows the fastest path to better discovery is widening the pool, not tightening the gate: mixing the two pools adds +1.52 holdout-value units in domain A (one-sided Wilcoxon, n=100, p=0.0002) -- evidence that pool composition, not verification strength, is the lever. Criteria, ledgers and scripts are archived on Zenodo (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.23308866).

cs.AI · cs.SE

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2611.02791

PGuard: A Native, Streaming, and Plug-in Guardrail for Multimodal Large Language Models

Junyu Lin, Mengjie Wu, Yonghao Dong, Yuchuan Fu, Jinfeng Li, Xiaodan Li, Xiaohan Yuan, Yicheng Liu 等 14 位作者

原文摘要

As streaming generation becomes the dominant serving paradigm for both text-only and multimodal large language models, ensuring safety throughout the generation process has become a critical challenge. We introduce PGuard, a native, streaming, and plug-in guardrail that transforms safety monitoring from an external serving dependency into an integrated capability of the backbone model. PGuard directly leverages the backbone's intermediate representations for token-level safety detection, without altering its original inference pathway or generation behavior. Specifically, dynamic layer gating selectively aggregates residual-stream representations across layers to extract safety-relevant signals during both prefill and autoregressive decoding. To balance detection accuracy and computational efficiency, PGuard supports multiple representation-modeling architectures, including a lightweight stateless variant and sequence-aware variants built on multi-scale causal EMA-attention and GRU-based recurrent modules. Its design also accounts for the execution characteristics of LLM serving frameworks, such as SGLang, optimizing computation and data access to minimize additional runtime and synchronization overhead. As a result, PGuard incurs only 0.82-2.26% end-to-end overhead on the hundred-billion-parameter backbone Qwen3.5-122B-A10B served by SGLang. Extensive evaluations across more than 30 benchmarks spanning text and multimodal safety, jailbreaks, cyber and CBRN risks, multilingual scenarios, and real-world traffic demonstrate state-of-the-art performance among native guardrails. On text queries with Qwen3.5-9B, PGuard achieves an average F1 score of 0.836, approaching dedicated external guardrails, while supporting deployment-time configuration of category-specific thresholds and enforcement actions.

cs.CL

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04401

LiquidCP: Decoupling Attention Tasks from Communication and Kernel Boundaries in Context Parallelism

Hongyu Chen, Yikang Ruan, Yuhai Long, Ziyu Huang, Yiyu Luo, Liukun Yu, Yangjie Zhou, Zihan Liu 等 17 位作者

原文摘要

Context parallelism (CP) partitions long sequences across GPUs for LLM training and inference. For variable-length training and full prefill, attention-balanced placement can leave token loads uneven, while ring execution repeats overhead at each computation and communication step. In stage-serialized decode CP (DCP), long-running tasks delay dependent work and leave substantial GPU hardware idle. We propose LiquidCP, which unifies training and inference through a common model of Transfer, Compute, and Reduction tasks with tile-level dependencies, decoupling attention tasks from communication and kernel boundaries. For training and full prefill, MegaRing incorporates BuddyRing placement to balance attention and token loads, and coalesces ready KV regions during forward attention to amortize overhead. For decoding and mixed batches, MegaDCP selects history-KV splits by jointly modeling the completion of attention and its dependent reductions. A shared persistent GPU-resident engine executes both designs. Compared with the fastest baseline per configuration on eight H100 GPUs, MegaRing achieves geometric-mean core-attention speedups of $1.23\times$ forward and $1.18\times$ backward, and accelerates a Transformer layer by $1.08$--$1.16\times$. MegaDCP achieves geometric-mean core-attention speedups of $1.20\times$ for decode-only and $1.35\times$ for mixed batches. In vLLM serving with KV prefix cache, it achieves an average time-to-first-token speedup of $1.22\times$.

cs.DC

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2607.25489

Agentic AI in medicine: architectures, applications, evaluation, and challenges for clinical translation

Wanshu Fan, Zheng Tong, Yang Liu, Jing Qin, Zhongbin Han, Haifan Gong, Congyu Liao, Xiaofeng Liu 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Large language models and multimodal foundation models are enabling medical artificial intelligence (AI) systems to move beyond isolated prediction and undertake multistep clinical tasks that require planning, tool use, memory, iterative correction, and coordination among specialized agents. However, the scope of agentic AI in medicine remains unsettled, and current evaluation practices are not yet aligned with the requirements of clinical use. We conducted a scoping review with systematic evidence mapping across five electronic sources, screened 1,649 exportable records, and provisionally included 557 unique studies that met predefined criteria for goal-directed task execution, tool use, interaction with external resources, feedback-based refinement, or multi-agent collaboration. The included studies describe single agents that use external tools, workflows supported by retrieval and external knowledge, multimodal agents, and multi-agent systems applied to medical question answering, image interpretation, electronic health record analysis, drug safety, and clinical trial prediction. The evidence base remains dominated by public benchmarks, simulated settings, retrospective datasets, and small-scale expert evaluation. Process reliability, evidence traceability, uncertainty, safety, workflow impact, and external validity are evaluated less consistently. Clinical translation will depend on clearer definitions, reproducible evaluation, auditable oversight, interoperable system design, and prospective validation in real-world clinical workflows.

cs.CV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2610.29455

Omnilingual-MsASR: Benchmarking Multimodal, Multilingual, Long-Form Multi-Speaker ASR of Omni Large Language Models

Yuan Ge, Pei Zhang, Xize Cheng, Lingzhou Mu, Mingyang Wang, Jin Xu, Baosong Yang, Shengxiang Gao 等 11 位作者

原文摘要

Omni-modal large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in audio and video understanding. However, existing models struggle with long-form, multi-speaker videos, especially in understanding the entire video and recognizing who says what and when. To characterize the capability limit of current omni LLMs and guide future model development, we introduce Omnilingual-MsASR, a multilingual, multimodal benchmark for long-form Multi-speaker Automatic Speech Recognition (MsASR) covering six languages, recordings up to 30 minutes, and scenarios with up to 20 speakers. Omnilingual-MsASR provides parallel audio and video inputs to evaluate models' cross-modal consistency and their ability to exploit complementary cues across modalities. Extensive evaluations of leading omni-modal LLMs reveal substantial performance bottlenecks, while their tcpWERs frequently exceed 100%. These findings highlight fine-grained temporal localization, speaker disambiguation, and cross-modal synergy as key challenges for future omni-modal foundation models. Our work is available at https://github.com/QwenLM/Omnilingua-Bench/tree/main/Omnilingua-MSpeaker.

cs.CL

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v3arXiv:2510.15786

DexCanvas: Bridging Human Demonstrations and Robot Learning for Dexterous Manipulation

Xinyue Xu, Jieqiang Sun, Jing, Dai, Siyuan Chen, Lanjie Ma, Ke Sun, Bin Zhao 等 12 位作者

原文摘要

A dexterous hand succeeds or fails through contact, yet every scalable record of human manipulation (video, vision-based hand tracking, motion capture) observes how the hand moves and misses how it pushes. We present DexCanvas, a hybrid real-synthetic dataset of 7,000 hours of dexterous hand-object interaction with per-frame contact points and contact forces, grown from 70 hours of optical motion capture that spans 21 manipulation types, from power and precision grasps to in-hand manipulation. The forces come from a real-to-sim pipeline: one reinforcement learning (RL) policy, conditioned on object geometry and manipulation type, drives an actuated MANO hand in physics simulation to reproduce each captured object trajectory, and the simulator measures the contacts that produce the reproduced motion. The policy reproduces 87.5% of the demonstrations and still succeeds on 80.9% of rollouts from perturbed initial object poses; these perturbed rollouts expand the 70 captured hours a hundredfold. On six YCB objects absent from the capture set it succeeds 72.5% of the time. The contact channels make better policies: a Diffusion Policy that observes DexCanvas contact features succeeds 82.2% of the time, against 67.5% without them, over 18,522 trials. Contact-driven retargeting carries the same demonstrations to two dexterous robot hands, where the RL stage again produces stable rollouts. A first release of 111,857 force-annotated trajectories is publicly available on Hugging Face.

cs.RO · cs.LG

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2610.41112

Calibration of Large Model Quantization based on HiFloat4 Format

Jing Huang, Yu Cheng, Ziwei Yu, Lan Zhao, Sitan Li, Guangxiu Yao, Xin Wang, Yuanyong Luo 等 14 位作者

原文摘要

Quantization of Large Language Models (LLMs) has become increasingly important for reducing the computational costs and resource requirements for practical deployment. Growing interest in this area has motivated the community to move beyond 8-bit quantization towards 4-bit precision, leading to the development of customized 4-bit formats such as MXFP4 and NVFP4. Recently, HiFloat4 (HiF4) has emerged as a competitive alternative which adopts a Block Floating-Point (BFP) format with a three-level scaling hierarchy, thereby achieving a significantly larger dynamic range. While quantization can substantially reduce memory usage and accelerate inference, it frequently introduces accuracy degradation. Calibration is therefore essential for narrowing the performance gap between low-precision quantized models and their full-precision counterparts. Nevertheless, existing calibration methods are mainly designed and validated using integer-precision formats, such as INT4, lacking support for HiF4 due to its hierarchical BFP structure. In this paper, we investigate three calibration approaches, namely HiGPTQ, HiAutoRound, and HiFlatQuant, to further enhance model quantization based on the HiF4 format. Extensive experiment s demonstrate that all three proposed approaches improve inference accuracy compared with direct HiF4 conversion, reducing the gap between HiF4 and BF16 to less than 1% and outperforming the state-of-the-art NVFP4 format across various models and downstream tasks.

cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04273

Deep Learning Compilers: Architecture, Optimization, and Empirical Characterization

Jinghao Wen, Ruixuan Wang, Xun Jiao

原文摘要

As deep learning (DL) models become increasingly complex and hardware architectures grow more heterogeneous, DL compilers play a critical role in optimizing computational efficiency and enabling scalable deployment. This paper presents a systematic analysis of DL compilers, covering their architectural evolution, compilation workflows, optimization techniques, and emerging research directions. We organize DL compiler architectures into frontend, middle-end, and backend stages, emphasizing the role of the middle-end in connecting high-level model representations with hardware-specific optimizations. We further examine representative DL compilers and recent optimization techniques across different compilation stages. Beyond architectural and technical analysis, we conduct an empirical evaluation of compiler behaviors to investigate the effectiveness of graph optimization, compilation overhead, and dynamic-shape handling. Experiments using PyTorch/TorchInductor on an NVIDIA RTX A6000 demonstrate that compiler benefits depend strongly on workload characteristics, with speedups of up to 8.21\times for fusion-friendly computation graphs, while other workloads exhibit limited improvements. Our results further reveal that compilation overhead can require thousands of executions to amortize, and dynamic-shape compilation reduces cumulative shape-transition costs by approximately 70\% at the expense of modest steady-state performance degradation. By combining systematic architectural analysis with quantitative experimental evidence, this work provides insights into the design, optimization, and practical deployment of modern DL compilers.

cs.LG · cs.AR

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04259

ReuseGR: Offline--Online Decoupled Generative Retrieval via Adaptive Prefix Reuse

Xujing Wang, Yufeng Chen, Boxuan Zhang, Chao Wei, Cai Xu, Jie Zhao, Weiru Zhang, Wei Zhao 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Larger generative retrieval models can improve retrieval quality, but their decoding cost makes low-latency serving difficult. When different users submit the same query, generating complete Semantic IDs (SIDs) for every request repeats computation, while their interaction histories call for different results. The challenge is to reuse large-model computation across requests while keeping retrieval personalized. We propose \textbf{ReuseGR}, which separates query-level candidate planning from request-level personalized completion. A 7B offline planner generates SID prefix sets shared across requests with the same query. A 0.5B online model uses each request's history to select prefixes and generate the remaining tokens. ReuseCut chooses a cache depth for each query based on historical coverage, balancing computation reuse and candidate coverage. To strengthen online completion, we transfer 7B suffix-scoring knowledge to 0.5B through path-level knowledge distillation (Path KD). BudgetCut then selects scored branches to improve final top-100 recall under a fixed branch budget. Its selection policy is initialized by on-policy distillation (OPD) and refined through group-relative policy optimization (GRPO). On an industrial search-advertising dataset with approximately 2M query--item records and 3.38M catalog items, ReuseGR improves query-level HR@100 by 3.83 percentage points and reduces mean online latency by 38.9\% relative to an all-online 0.5B baseline when prefixes are prepared. It achieves HR@100 comparable to an all-online 7B baseline with 57.7\% lower online latency. A 14-day user-level online A/B test against the 0.5B baseline shows relative gains of 0.93\% in click-through rate and 1.05\% in revenue per thousand requests.

cs.IR

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2609.00530

DeSyR: A decoupled symbolic recovery framework for PDEs with PINN-guided structure discovery and physics-based coefficient refinement

Pancheng Niu, Jun Guo, Qiaolin He, Jingcai Guo, Yanchao Shi

原文摘要

Recovering explicit symbolic solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs) from physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) is attractive, yet selecting and fitting expressions against neural predictions can lock the recovered solution into the teacher's approximation error. We propose DeSyR (Decoupled Symbolic Recovery) to break this dependence. DeSyR uses PINNs only to discover candidate structures and initial coefficient estimates; once a structure is fixed, the governing equations and constraints alone determine the refined coefficients. Multiple candidates with different fitting-error--complexity trade-offs are retained, evaluated after physics-only refinement, and reduced to the simplest expression within a physically near-optimal set. Joint refinement extends the same principle to coupled fields. For fixed candidate parameterizations, affine error identities and local nonlinear analysis show how teacher errors enter fitted coefficients and establish conditions under which physical residuals control coefficient and solution errors. Across seven benchmarks covering scalar evolution equations, multidimensional elliptic problems and coupled incompressible flows, DeSyR attains mean relative solution errors on the order of $10^{-14}$ or smaller and lower reported mean physical residuals than PINNs, physics-informed symbolic networks and teacher-fitted symbolic distillation. With the expression structure held fixed, estimating coefficients from physical constraints further yields more accurate frequency estimates and solutions than fitting teacher predictions. DeSyR therefore turns neural approximations into guides for structure discovery, while physical constraints determine the final explicit solution.

cs.LG

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新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04256

OmniST: Topology-Invariant Spatiotemporal Forecasting with Guaranteed-Coverage Uncertainty at Unseen Sensor Locations

Praveg Vashishtha

原文摘要

Standard spatiotemporal graph convolutional networks need a fixed-size adjacency matrix, coupling model weights to a specific sensor count N; they cannot produce any output at a sensor absent from training. We present OmniST, a topology-invariant forecaster whose computation has zero structural dependency on the number of nodes, and which, composed with inductive split-conformal calibration, gives distribution-free, coverage-guaranteed prediction intervals at arbitrary (including never-seen) sensor locations, preserving that guarantee as sensors are added or removed. Topology invariance follows from coordinate-based tokenization, k-nearest-neighbor attention from geographic coordinates at each forward pass, and per-node temporal processing via a bidirectional GRU. On real Delhi air-quality data (37 stations, 2019-2023), OmniST attains a 30-day PM2.5 MAE of 31.0 ug/m3 and degrades at most 1.1 percent when 40 percent of stations are removed. Its inductive forecasts at unseen stations beat nearest-neighbor interpolation (about 12 percent) and a learned kriging GNN (IGNNK, about 21 percent), and, unlike either, carry a finite-sample coverage guarantee. The guarantee holds at 90 percent or above under 30-50 percent node dropout across four real datasets over three domains (Delhi and Beijing air quality, NOAA GHCN weather, Caltrans PeMSD7-M traffic), and still holds at 325 real sensors (full PeMS-BAY). We also fix a temporal-drift failure: static conformal under-covers over time (about 0.50 late), but a rolling adaptive-conformal estimator restores target coverage (0.89 overall, 0.96 late) at the cost of wider intervals.

cs.LG · cs.AI · stat.ML

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版本更新 · v2arXiv:2610.38318

What Should a Navigator Remember? Spatiotemporal Memory for Zero-Shot Vision-Language Navigation

Yuhang Peng, Zhikai Wang, Ziyi Wang, Jiaru Zhong, Xiaoji Zheng, Jingzhi Huang, Yi Wang, Jiangtao Gong

原文摘要

Zero-shot vision-and-language navigation (VLN) requires an agent to use past observations without navigation-specific training. We study what information an 8B-scale navigation system should retain and how it should be organized for subsequent decisions. Our agent combines instruction progress, hierarchically compressed observation history anchored to poses, and accumulated geometry in complementary task, temporal, and spatial memories. An 8B observer summarizes observations, and an 8B reasoner uses the memories to select waypoint intents or request additional views, a geometric controller executes the selected targets. A semantic information perspective motivates the distinction between retaining evidence, making it accessible to the reasoner, and acquiring further observations. On R2R-CE val-unseen, the complete system achieves the highest among the evaluated Qwen3-based zero-shot baselines. Removing temporal memory reduces SR and sharply increases average path length from 16.9 to 39.1m, removing the spatial-map and planning component reduces SR as well. Real-world experiments on a Unitree Go2 show that our zero-shot method achieves higher success rates than the post-trained baseline in both corridor and office environments, suggesting better transfer to the evaluated real-world settings. As a complementary evaluation, LAW2 uses paired instruction interventions to examine behavioral responses, instruction following ability beyond endpoint success. These results support preserving task progress, observation history, and geometry in structured memory for zero-shot navigation with smaller open models.

cs.RO · cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2610.31111

Where Do Long Captions Fail? Position-Aware Diagnosis and Reinforcement Learning for Detailed Image Captioning

Yuanze Hu, Zhichao Yang, Junwei Jing, Xin Yang, Wenxuan Liu, Tinghai Zhang, Jia Fu, Hongzhi Zhang 等 12 位作者

原文摘要

Detailed image captioning is usually framed as an amount problem: a model should mention more visual facts while avoiding hallucination. However, autoregressive VLMs generate captions as ordered sequences, and later generations may be produced under weaker or noisier visual grounding. We therefore argue that long-form captioning should be studied not only by what facts are mentioned, but also by where they appear. We introduce a position-aware rubric representation that decomposes dense human references into atomic visual claims, verifies generated captions against those claims, and induces a quartile-wise composition of supported, hallucinated, and generic content. This lens reveals two qualitatively different failures in long captions: models tend to produce unsupported specificity in the middle, while the final portion often escapes into vague, non-evidential language rather than simply accumulating more hallucination. A same-reference human control does not exhibit these patterns; additional human audits examine the visual validity of the induced labels. Motivated by this diagnosis, we propose PAGER (Position-Aware Grounded Evidence Reinforcement), a GRPO training objective with separate signals for supported fine-grained middle evidence, evidence-bearing tail continuation, claim coverage, and content-aware length control. The result is a closed loop: the same ordered claim representation identifies where long captions fail and supplies the position-specific reward needed to repair those failures. Experiments on detailed-caption benchmarks show that PAGER improves position-wise grounding and pairwise caption preference while preserving competitive global caption quality.

cs.CV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2604.07173

InfiniLoRA: Disaggregated Multi-LoRA Serving for Large Language Models

Hongyu Chen, Letian Ruan, Zilin Xu, Yuchen Li, Xinyu Chen, Bingsheng He, Jingwen Leng, Jieru Zhao 等 10 位作者

原文摘要

LoRA enables efficient customization of LLMs and is widely used in multi-tenant and multi-task serving. However, emerging model architectures such as MoE significantly increase LoRA memory cost, making existing coupled LoRA serving designs poorly scalable and prone to tail-latency inflation. We present InfiniLoRA, a disaggregated LoRA serving system that decouples LoRA execution from base-model inference. InfiniLoRA introduces a shared LoRA Server with parallelism-aware execution, SLO-driven provisioning, and critical-path optimizations, including GPU-initiated communication and hardware-specialized LoRA kernels. Experiments show that InfiniLoRA can achieve an average $3.05\times$ increase in serviceable request rate under strict latency SLOs, and improve the percentage of LoRA adapters satisfying the SLO requirement by 54.0\%.

cs.DC

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新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04231

Constructing a Regional Slang Lexicon for Electricity Demands via Soft-Label Bidirectional Anchoring and Active Learning

Rong Chang, Lijing Shi, Zhaoxiang Zang

原文摘要

Power-grid customer service increasingly relies on community social media, where customers describe outages, billing, and equipment faults in informal regional dialect. Such messages exhibit non-standard morphology, semantic drift, and out-of-vocabulary expressions that make manual lexicon construction costly and degrade conventional NLP tools. We propose a weak-supervision framework constructing a regional slang lexicon from curated dialect anchors and power-domain seed terms. Candidates are generated via Pointwise Mutual Information with soft-label bidirectional anchoring, retaining dialect-anchored terms while recording power-domain relevance as separate metadata, and are scored by combining Sentence-BERT semantic similarity with a jieba-based wordhood measure. Uncertainty-aware active learning with rule-based and retrieval-augmented LLM oracles is applied under three query strategies, and the resulting lexicon is evaluated by a higher-capability LLM calibrated against human expert annotations via Cohen's $κ$. On 11,177 real WeChat messages from Yuxi (Yunnan, China), the framework achieves an evaluator-estimated dialect precision of DP~$=$~1.0 with zero false positives. An ablation shows that soft-label layering retains 751\% more candidates than strict power-gating at identical precision, expanding the candidate pool from 41 to 349 terms. Human calibration ($n=46$) yields $κ_{\text{dialect}}=1.0$ and $κ_{\text{power}}=0.85$. The resulting 25--33-term lexicon, 4--5 of which are power-relevant, provides a preliminary resource for dialect-aware power-grid service NLP.

cs.CL · cs.AI

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新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04230

Exact Optimality Certification of QPLIB 2096 through Complete Set Partitioning

Jingyang Du, Zixiong Yi, Yang Shen

原文摘要

We present an exact computational proof that the frozen QPLIB_2096 instance has global minimum 7,025,720. The solution and certification approach was explored and refined through ZiYor, a self-evolving AI system. The authors provide the mathematical account and exact validation reported here. The original formulation has 300 binary variables, 6,900 triangle inequalities, and 25 nonconvex quadratic constraints. A coefficient-level reconstruction identifies its variables with the unordered pairs of 25 items. The triangle inequalities encode partitions, while each quadratic constraint becomes a bound on the total weight of edges incident to one partition block. This yields a set-partitioning formulation over all capacity-feasible blocks, with a separate edge-cost graph determining the objective. Exact enumeration examines 245,505 subsets of sizes one through six and finds 14,981 feasible blocks. Every six-element subset is infeasible; nonnegative capacity weights exclude all larger blocks. An integer price vector satisfies the dual inequality for every feasible block and has sum 2,229,456. Subtracting this sum from the total objective edge cost 9,255,176 gives a lower bound of 7,025,720, attained by the supplied six-block partition. Fresh solver-free checks validate the candidate against both frozen model formats and verify the certificate. The result is an instance-specific optimality proof with an exact primal and dual witness; no cross-instance performance conclusion is drawn.

cs.AI

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新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04218

Shared Context Candidate Scoring with Jointly Adapted Readout Networks

Jingyang Du, Yiben Fu, Yang Shen

原文摘要

Repeated decisions over a shared document create two distinct opportunities: reusing document computation and adapting how question representations score candidate answers. We present Q64, a candidate-scoring system that preserves a frozen 64-layer Qwen3.8-27B text backbone, reuses its hybrid prefix state and intermediate document representations, and jointly trains a residual adapter with a four-layer decoder and candidate-conditioned readout. We used ZiYor, a self-evolving AI system, to explore and refine the Q64 design. We specified the scoring method, implemented the system, and evaluated its accuracy and latency. The final adaptation stage updates 88.66 million parameters using 8,192 selected training views. On a fixed 5,112-item evaluation combining ARC-Challenge, ANLI-R3, and stratified subsets of MMLU-Pro and CMMLU, joint adaptation improves four-benchmark macro accuracy from 66.46% to 74.32%. It remains below the native 27B baseline at 75.68% and AnyJev Qwen3-32B L0 at 76.68%. On a separate synthetic workload with 4,096 document tokens and 50 questions, median cold-request latency is 2.237 seconds, compared with 5.383 seconds for the native baseline and 56.872 seconds for the measured batched AnyJev configuration. Short single-question requests do not share this advantage. The evidence supports an accuracy-latency tradeoff in the evaluated systems, rather than a backbone reduction or an isolated component advantage. Public benchmarks informed earlier development, and real-document multi-question validation remains open.

cs.CL

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2512.15754

A Survey on Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Towards Practical Deployments: Security and Privacy Perspectives

Ziyu Chen, Yitong Shen, Jingzhe Zhang, Yao Zheng, Yili Ren, Xuyu Wang, Shiwen Mao, Hanqing Guo

原文摘要

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) have emerged as a transformative technology capable of reshaping wireless environments through dynamic manipulation of electromagnetic waves. Although RISs have been widely studied for communication, sensing, and localization, their security and privacy implications are still fragmented across application-specific studies, prototypes, and testbeds. This survey provides a deployment-oriented review of RIS applications, with a focus on the security and privacy threats, vulnerabilities, and defensive strategies relevant to practical use. We analyze scenarios with two types of systems (with and without legitimate RIS) and two types of attackers (with and without malicious RIS), and clarify how RIS introduces new attack surfaces to practical systems, including eavesdropping, jamming, and spoofing attacks. In response, we review defenses against RIS-related attacks in these systems, such as protocol- and algorithm-level protections, unauthorized RIS detection, and interference/disruption-based mitigation. We also discuss scenarios in which the legitimate user applies an additional RIS to defend against attacks. To support future research, we also curate papers and available open resources at https://awesome-ris-security.github.io/. By highlighting RIS's functionality and its security/privacy challenges and opportunities, this survey aims to guide researchers and engineers toward the development of secure, resilient, and privacy-preserving RIS-enabled practical wireless systems and environments.

cs.CR · cs.NI · eess.SP

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04207

Point interpolation and distributional universality in flow-based generative models

Antonio Álvarez-López, Jingpu Cheng, Liyan Zhang, Qianxiao Li

原文摘要

Motivated by the expressive power of neural ordinary differential equations in flow-based generative modeling, we study the approximation of probability measures by pushforwards generated by parameterized families of Lipschitz vector fields. For Wasserstein distances, we establish a quantitative relationship between finite-sample point interpolation and distributional approximation, and derive universality criteria based on $L^p$-approximation of transport maps. In particular, affine-invariant families containing a non-affine vector field are universal from compactly supported absolutely continuous base measures. For total variation, we show that coordinate-wise dynamics are insufficient in dimensions $d\geq 2$ and establish sufficient conditions based on one-dimensional Sobolev approximation and shear-type mixing. We further examine the role of point interpolation, establishing when different regimes relate to one another and when approximate interpolation can be made exact.

stat.ML · cs.LG · math.OC

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04180

Validation-Gated ML Pipeline Synthesis with Expert-Grounded Self-Evolving Skills

Zixiao Zhao, Jing Sun, Zhe Hou, Mengze Li, Qian Liu, Cheng-Hao Cai, Zijian Zhang, Xin Wang 等 10 位作者

原文摘要

Recent advances in large language models have enabled agentic systems that automate machine learning pipeline construction from minimal user input. However, existing agentic AutoML methods either depend on rigid templates that limit adaptability, target narrow task domains, or rely on free-form code generation that lacks reliability guarantees, leaving intermediate errors to propagate silently and degrade the final model. We present EvoML, an agentic framework for end-to-end ML pipeline synthesis built on expert-grounded skills that evolve across runs, executed through a validation-gated harness. The framework decomposes pipeline construction into four phases coordinated by three agents: an Orchestrator that enforces validation gates, advancing each phase only when its outputs pass structural, execution, and semantic checks, which precludes error propagation and keeps every artifact auditable; an Executor that runs expert-grounded skills, grounded in the nnU-Net workflow and pairing reusable templates with online adaptation; and a Curator that performs post-run evolution, consolidating the scripts and guidance recovered during a run into the skill library so it improves across datasets. We evaluate EvoML on eight datasets spanning six sophisticated, real-world ML task types, against agentic AutoML systems and command-line coding tools. EvoML achieves full automation and the best final model quality on all eight, spanning segmentation (up to 0.94 Dice), classification (0.99 accuracy), reconstruction (0.95 SSIM), and denoising (0.79 normalized PSNR), while transferring to broader ML tasks.

cs.AI · cs.SE

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04151

On the Role of Geometry in Solving Variational Inequalities

Ioannis Anagnostides, Ioannis Panageas, Jingming Yan

原文摘要

The geometry of constraints in variational inequalities (VIs) plays a central role in applications ranging from resource allocation and equilibrium computation to constrained optimization. Yet, its effect on computational complexity has received surprisingly little attention beyond special cases. We examine this question when the constraint set is an $\ell_p$ ball. This family of problems encompasses two of the most extensively studied classes of problems in algorithmic game theory: symmetric bimatrix games for $p = 1$ and multi-player polymatrix games for $p = \infty$. Both of these problems are known to be PPAD-complete even for affine operators. We establish a comprehensive complexity landscape for VIs over $\ell_p$ balls across the full range $p\in[1,\infty]$. First, for any $p\neq 2$, we show that finding an inverse-polynomial approximate VI solution is PPAD-complete even for affine operators. In contrast, for $p=2$, we give a polynomial-time algorithm for affine VIs, extending a classic result of Ye (1992) beyond symmetric operators. On the other hand, once the operator becomes quadratic, we establish PPAD-completeness even at inverse polynomial precision. From a technical standpoint, we develop a new toolkit for exploiting the geometry of the constraint set and the structure of the operator to characterize the complexity of equilibrium and optimization problems, which is of independent interest.

cs.CC · cs.GT · math.OC

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