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首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:ee8034d8e58493ded404e53edfd965baCVF · CVPR 2026

Efficient Frame Selection for Long Video Understanding via Reinforcement Learning

Qin, Yaxuan, Li, Hefei, Mu, Wenqi, He, Yancheng

原文摘要

Recent advances in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have led to significant progress in video understanding. Due to limited context windows and computational overhead, most MLLMs adopt uniform frame sampling. This approach is at high risk of missing critical visual information and constrains performance especially for long videos. To address this problem, we propose a lightweight frame selection method to identify keyframes and train it via a two-stage strategy. In the pre-training stage, the frame selector learns to model relevance between individual video frames and queries. In the reinforcement learning (RL) stage, we employ a hierarchical reward that evaluates selection quality at combination and frame levels. Through stochastic exploration of frame combinations, the selector learns to identify and retain frames that improve task performance rather than merely maximizing query relevance, which can be misleading. The selected frames serve as input to downstream MLLMs for video understanding and reasoning. Experimental results demonstrate the proposed selector improves performance of diverse downstream MLLMs across benchmarks spanning medium to long videos.

cs.CV · cs.CL

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:eea0c858dcde7c0ee40ff87d08ef87a5CVF · CVPR 2026

Revisiting Geometric Obfuscation with Dual Convergent Lines for Privacy-Preserving Image Queries in Visual Localization

Kim, Jeonggon, Moon, Heejoon, Hong, Je Hyeong

原文摘要

Privacy-Preserving Image Queries (PPIQ) are an emerging mechanism for cloud-based visual localization, enabling pose estimation from obfuscated features instead of private images or raw keypoints. However, the main approaches for PPIQ, primarily geometry-based and segmentation-based obfuscation, both suffer from vulnerabilities to recent privacy attacks. In particular, a fundamental limitation of geometry-based obfuscation is that the spatial distribution of obfuscated neighboring lines still effectively surrounds the original keypoint location, providing exploitable cues for recovering the original points. We revisit this geometric paradigm and introduce Dual Convergent Lines (DCL), a novel keypoint obfuscation method demonstrating strong resilience against such attack. DCL places two fixed anchors on a central partition line and lifts each keypoint to a line originating from one of them, with the active anchor determined by the keypoint's location. This arrangement invalidates the geometry-recovery attack by making its optimization ill-posed: Neighboring lines either misleadingly converge to one anchor, yielding a trivial solution, or become near-parallel at the partition boundary, yielding an unstable high-variance solution. Both outcomes thwart point recovery. DCL is also compatible with an existing line-based solver, enabling deployment in traditional localization pipelines. Experiments on both indoor and large-scale outdoor datasets demonstrate DCL's robustness against privacy attacks, efficiency, and scalability, while achieving practical localization performance.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:eea730e2bf7622bbe828db650c4a33b2CVF · CVPR 2026

Dual-level Adapter Boosting Prompt-free Curvilinear Structure Segmentation

Zhu, Kai, Chen, Li, Cheng, Jun

原文摘要

Curvilinear structure segmentation is essential in domains such as medical imaging, remote sensing, and materials science. Existing methods often require extensive domain-specific training and lack generalization to novel domains. To overcome these limitations, we propose the Segment Anything Curve Model (SACM) -- a universal, curvilinear segmentation framework built upon the pretrained Segment Anything Model (SAM). SACM introduces a dual-level adapter architecture that enables both fine-grained and domain-adaptive enhancement: block-level internal adapters refine local structural representations, while external adapters facilitate cross-domain feature alignment. Specifically, the internal adapters are embedded within each Transformer block to locally adapt and refine features for thin and intricate curvilinear patterns, while the external adapters operate across blocks to capture global, multi-layer contextual information and facilitate domain adaptation. Furthermore, SACM introduces a feature fusion mechanism that aggregates multi-layer features from all external adapters and fuses them via a Feed-Forward Network (FFN) module, and a dual-stage refinement process in the mask decoder to enhance topology and connectivity. This design enables prompt-free, data-efficient fine-tuning and achieves robust cross-domain generalization when trained with only 18 annotated images. Extensive experiments across twelve diverse curvilinear datasets validate that SACM achieves state-of-the-art performance.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:eeb55b241d8f7086b5ff499417b221f6CVF · CVPR 2026

AD-GBC: Anisotropic Granular-Ball Skip-Connection Refiner for UNet-Based Medical Image Segmentation

Shen, Xiya, Zhao, Qinglin, Feng, Li

原文摘要

Prototype or region-attention modules have recently improved medical image segmentation but still suffer from two fundamental limitations: 1) they represent each semantic concept as a point or isotropic region, failing to capture the inherently anisotropic geometry of real feature distributions; and 2) many rely on non-differentiable clustering or one-way kernel weighting, which restricts their ability to form coherent region-level representations. We address these issues with the Anisotropic Differentiable Granular-Ball (AD-GBC) module, which generalizes prototypes into learnable geometric regions parameterized by a center and an anisotropic vector scale. AD-GBC aggregates local features into region-level semantics and redistributes the refined representation back to pixels in a fully differentiable manner, enabling geometry-aware refinement within modern UNet-style architectures. Two geometric regularizers, a Wasserstein-based diversity loss and a scale consistency loss, mitigate center collapse and encourage stable, well-formed region geometry.AD-GBC yields consistent improvements across four widely used medical segmentation benchmarks (BUSI, GlaS, CVC-ClinicDB, ISIC17) when integrated into two strong backbones (Rolling-UNet and U-KAN), demonstrating that the proposed geometric region formulation generalizes well across different imaging conditions. The code is available at https://github.com/SiaShen-dot/AD-GBC.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:eebb1c1f175cf68fee414d8cdbf092b7CVF · CVPR 2026

HERO: Hierarchical Embedding-Refinement for Open-Vocabulary Temporal Sentence Grounding in Videos

Han, Tingting, Tao, Xinsong, Yin, Yufei, Tan, Min, Zhao, Sicheng, Yu, Zhou

原文摘要

Temporal Sentence Grounding in Videos (TSGV) aims to temporally localize segments of a video that correspond to a given natural language query. Despite recent progress, most existing TSGV approaches operate under closed-vocabulary settings, limiting their ability to generalize to real-world queries involving novel or diverse linguistic expressions. To bridge this critical gap, we introduce the Open-Vocabulary TSGV (OV-TSGV) task and construct the first dedicated benchmarks--Charades-OV and ActivityNet-OV--that simulate realistic vocabulary shifts and paraphrastic variations. These benchmarks facilitate systematic evaluation of model generalization beyond seen training concepts. To tackle OV-TSGV, we propose HERO (Hierarchical Embedding-Refinement for Open-Vocabulary grounding), a unified framework that leverages hierarchical linguistic embeddings and performs parallel cross-modal refinement. HERO jointly models multi-level semantics and enhances video-language alignment via semantic-guided visual filtering and contrastive masked text refinement. Extensive experiments on both standard and open vocabulary benchmarks demonstrate that HERO consistently surpasses state-of-the-art methods, particularly under open-vocabulary scenarios, validating its strong generalization capability and underscoring the significance of OV-TSGV as a new research direction.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:eec11be92f7fa68b7fad088e2d667e06CVF · CVPR 2026

ViTPrompt: Training-Free Prompt Refinement with Visual Tokens for Open-Vocabulary Detection

Qin, Yitong, Zhou, Lihua, Wei, Jiwei, Ran, Ran, He, Shiyuan, Ma, Zeyu, Li, Shuaifeng, Li, Nianxin 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Test-Time Adaptive Object Detection (TTAOD) aims to maintain detection performance under distribution shifts without retraining. While recent vision-language models enable open-vocabulary detection, existing TTAOD methods--whether closed-set or open-vocabulary--focus exclusively on improving classification confidence and largely overlook the degradation of bounding box localization. To address this critical gap, we propose ViTPrompt (Visual Token-Prompting), a training-free framework that jointly refines both bounding boxes and class scores at test time. Our key insight is to augment the original text prompt with instance-aware visual tokens extracted from high-confidence detections in an initial forward pass; this enriched prompt is then used in a second inference stage, where the cross-modal decoder leverages the enhanced semantic context to produce more accurate box coordinates and classification logits. ViTPrompt requires no backpropagation, parameter updates, or external memory, making it highly efficient for real-time deployment. Experiments on multiple out-of-distribution benchmarks demonstrate that ViTPrompt achieves state-of-the-art performance, delivering consistent improvements in both localization accuracy and classification fidelity , and establishing itself as a holistic solution for open-vocabulary TTAOD.

cs.CV · cs.CL

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:eece81d6160ef1091e391e78a34030d7CVF · CVPR 2026

INSID3: Training-Free In-Context Segmentation with DINOv3

Cuttano, Claudia, Trivigno, Gabriele, Reich, Christoph, Cremers, Daniel, Masone, Carlo, Roth, Stefan

原文摘要

In-context segmentation (ICS) aims to segment arbitrary concepts, e.g., objects, parts, or personalized instances, given one annotated visual examples. Existing work relies on (i) fine-tuning vision foundation models (VFMs), which improves in-domain results but harms generalization, or (ii) combines multiple frozen VFMs, which preserves generalization but yields architectural complexity and fixed segmentation granularities. We revisit ICS from a minimalist perspective and ask: Can a single self-supervised backbone support both semantic matching and segmentation, without any supervision or auxiliary models? We show that scaled-up dense self-supervised features from DINOv3 exhibit strong spatial structure and semantic correspondence. We introduce INSID3, a training-free approach that segments concepts at varying granularities only from frozen DINOv3 features, given an in-context example. INSID3 achieves state-of-the-art results across one-shot semantic, part, and personalized segmentation, outperforming previous work by +7.5 % mIoU, while using 3x fewer parameters and without any mask or category-level supervision.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:eeda83e2e0f4c0de225f3327c74b841cCVF · CVPR 2026

Human-like Abstract Visual Reasoning via Understanding and Solving Reasoning Loop

Chen, Xinwang, Li, Xiuxing, Li, Qing, Zhuang, Ziyue, Wu, Yutong, Li, Ziyu, Wang, Zhuo, Li, Kai 等 10 位作者

原文摘要

Abstract visual reasoning benchmarks such as ARC-AGI evaluate the ability to infer generalizable transformation rules from few graphical demonstrations, a capability where current deep learning models severely underperform. Mainstream LLMs achieve only 15.8% (DeepSeek-R1) and 34.5% (o3-mini-high) accuracy. The core reason lies in their static processing of task examples: unlike humans, who iteratively refine their understanding of examples while solving problems, these models lack mechanisms for dynamically aligning understanding and solving. We address this gap with the Understanding and Solving Reasoning Loop (USRL) framework. The architecture comprises two explicitly interacting modules: an Understanding Module (UM) that encodes and refines rule representations of examples, and a Solving Module (SM) that generates a draft solution informed by these evolving rule representations. Through recurrent interaction, the model iteratively aligns its draft solution with its understanding about task examples continuously. Furthermore, we introduce an adaptive reasoning halting mechanism that autonomously terminates the reasoning loop based on the consistency between the generated draft solution and the examples. With 7M parameters, our model achieves 47.2% accuracy on ARC-AGI-1.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:eede7204b049e74e6a35c9c7bf9e5331CVF · CVPR 2026

PixelRush: Ultra-Fast, Training-Free High-Resolution Image Generation via One-step Diffusion

Lai, Hong-Phuc, Nguyen, Phong, Tran, Anh

原文摘要

Pre-trained diffusion models excel at generating high-quality images but remain inherently limited by their native training resolution. Recent training-free approaches have attempted to overcome this constraint by introducing interventions during the denoising process; however, these methods incur substantial computational overhead, often requiring more than five minutes to produce a single 4K image.In this paper, we present PixelRush, the first tuning-free framework for practical high-resolution text-to-image generation. Our method builds upon the established patch-based inference paradigm but eliminates the need for multiple inversion and regeneration cycles. Instead, PixelRush enables efficient patch-based denoising within a low-step regime. To address artifacts introduced by patch blending in few-step generation, we propose a seamless blending strategy. Furthermore, we mitigate over-smoothing effects through a noise injection mechanism. PixelRush delivers exceptional efficiency, generating 4K images in approximately 20 seconds representing a 10xto 35xspeedup over state-of-the-art methods while maintaining superior visual fidelity. Extensive experiments validate both the performance gains and the quality of outputs achieved by our approach.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:eee7735e932e3535a695916b5d43cfbcCVF · CVPR 2026

Radiance Meshes for Volumetric Reconstruction

Mai, Alexander, Hedstrom, Trevor, Kopanas, George, Kontkanen, Janne, Kuester, Falko, Barron, Jonathan T.

原文摘要

We introduce Radiance Meshes for representing radiance fields with constant density tetrahedral cells produced with a Delaunay tetrahedralization.Unlike a Voronoi diagram, a Delaunay tetrahedralization yields simple triangles that are natively supported by existing hardware. As such, our model is able to perform exact and fast volume rendering using both rasterization and ray-tracing. We introduce a new rasterization method that achieve faster rendering speeds than all prior radiance field representations (assuming an equivalent number of primitives and resolution) across a variety of platforms.Optimizing the positions of Delaunay vertices introduces topological discontinuities (edge flips). To solve this, we use a Zip-NeRF-style backbone which allows us to express a smoothly varying field even when the topology changes.Our rendering method exactly evaluates the volume rendering equation and enables high quality, real-time view synthesis on standard consumer hardware. Our tetrahedral meshes also lend themselves to a variety of exciting applications including fisheye lens distortion, physics-based simulation, editing, and mesh extraction.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:eef48dca705bbf164f499a9abb744f87CVF · CVPR 2026

OntoAug: Rethinking Generative Data Augmentation via Ontology Guidance

Wang, Shuo, Wang, Zhichuan, Luo, Jun

原文摘要

Generative data augmentation has created new opportunities for improving image recognition models. Despite these advances, most existing augmentation methods process images holistically, without accounting for the uneven distribution of discriminative information in classification tasks, where foreground subjects typically contain richer category-relevant signals than background context. Ignoring this imbalance can introduce unintended semantic shifts in generated samples, thereby weakening the model's ability to capture the intrinsic ontology of the target object. In fact, human perception operates in a similar manner: subject identity remains stable, while contextual variations are naturally tolerated as long as overall coherence is preserved. Inspired by this observation, we propose OntoAug, an ontology-oriented data augmentation framework that explicitly distinguishes between subject and environment. OntoAug separates foreground and background through structured layout control and guides diffusion models to generate samples with consistent subjects and diverse contextual variations. By explicitly introducing foreground masks and diverse background prompts during the generation process, the framework enhances both semantic fidelity and diversity in the synthesized data. Extensive experiments show that OntoAug achieves strong performance across multiple tasks, including image classification, few-shot learning, weakly supervised object localization (WSOL), and large vision-language model reasoning.

cs.CV · cs.CL

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:ef040df9c46ff7c1865b7f41b9cb57b6CVF · CVPR 2026

Beyond Missing Modalities: Hypergraph Conditioned Diffusion for Uncertainty-Aware Multimodal Emotion Recognition

Qiu, Xihang, Fang, Yuhao, Zhou, Qing, Zhai, Bin, Hong, Jialong, Zhang, Wanpeng, Lu, Yao, Zhang, Ye 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Multimodal Emotion Recognition in Conversations (MERC) aims to understand emotions expressed in each utterance by effectively integrating audio, text, and visual modalities. However, in real-world scenarios, unavoidable missing modalities often degrade multimodal interpretation performance. To address this, we propose Hypergraph Diffusion and Evidence Fusion based Emotion Recognition (HyperEF), a novel framework designed to mitigate challenges arising from incomplete modalities in MERC. Specifically, to mitigate performance degradation caused by modality absence, we propose Masked Hypergraph Attention (MHGAT) conditioned diffusion model to recover latent features of missing modalities in the latent space. To ensure semantic consistency between recovered and available modalities within the same utterance, we introduce MHGAT that captures high-order semantic information from available modalities to guide the diffusion model's denoising process. Furthermore, to disentangle and model the complex uncertainties inherent in MERC, we propose Dual Channel Evidence Fusion (DCEF), which estimates uncertainty at both feature source level and discriminative level, thereby achieving adaptive evidence fusion. Extensive comparative experiments and interpretability demonstrate the superior performance of our model in emotion recognition, as well as the contribution of each module within the model.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:ef0c8423bd94f1e7b7a570eac230aaa5CVF · CVPR 2026

Clay-to-Stone: Phase-wise 3D Gaussian Splatting for Monocular Articulated Hand-Object Manipulation Modeling

Liu, Xingyu, Ren, Pengfei, Qi, Qi, Sun, Haifeng, Zhuang, Zirui, Liao, Jianxin, Wang, Jingyu

原文摘要

Understanding interacting hand-object from monocular videos is crucial for immersive and dexterous interactions in AR/VR and robotic applications. However, existing monocular reconstruction methods primarily assume rigid grasping and static object geometry. When applied to articulated manipulations, the continuous joint rotations and frequent component deformations introduce a strong coupling between shape and motion, leading to severe ambiguity and instability in articulation optimization under monocular observation. To address this challenge, we propose a Clay-to-Stone dual-phase framework, modeling the articulated manipulation at hierarchical granularities, enabling a progression from flexible semantic exploration to structured articulation recovery. In the CLAY phase, our method performs fine-grained control over geometric deformation, guided by inter-part semantic correlation learning. As semantic and motion priors emerge, the STONE phase enforces rigid constraints to consolidate articulated structures and explicitly estimates motion parameters. Experiments on a real-world manipulation dataset show that our method achieves state-of-the-art reconstruction quality and plausible articulation modeling from monocular videos. Code is available at https://github.com/ru1ven/ARGS.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:ef1cd586ecec74bb591dd82958c6c731CVF · CVPR 2026

Investigating Self-Supervised Representations for Audio-Visual Deepfake Detection

Boldisor, Dragos-Alexandru, Smeu, Stefan, Oneata, Dan, Oneata, Elisabeta

原文摘要

Self-supervised representations excel at many vision and speech tasks, but their potential for audio-visual deepfake detection remains underexplored. Unlike prior work that uses these features in isolation or buried within complex architectures, we systematically evaluate them across modalities (audio, video, multimodal) and domains (lip movements, generic visual content). We assess three key dimensions: detection effectiveness, interpretability of encoded information, and cross-modal complementarity. We find that most self-supervised features capture deepfake-relevant information, and that this information is complementary. Moreover, models primarily attend to semantically meaningful regions rather than spurious artifacts (such as the leading silence). Among the investigated features, audio-informed representations generalize best and achieve state-of-the-art results. However, generalization to realistic in-the-wild data remains challenging. Our analysis indicates this gap stems from intrinsic dataset difficulty rather than from features latching onto superficial patterns.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:ef2f4d70c1e715d9351da41a624defd9CVF · CVPR 2026

VideoSSR: Video Self-Supervised Reinforcement Learning

He, Zefeng, Qu, Xiaoye, Li, Yafu, Huang, Siyuan, Liu, Daizong, Cheng, Yu

原文摘要

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Reward (RLVR) has substantially advanced the video understanding capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, the rapid progress of MLLMs is outpacing the complexity of existing video datasets, while the manual annotation of new, high-quality data remains prohibitively expensive.This work investigates a pivotal question: Can the rich, intrinsic information within videos be harnessed to self-generate high-quality, verifiable training data?To investigate this problem, we first introduce three self-supervised pretext tasks for video understanding: Anomaly Grounding, Object Counting, and Temporal Jigsaw. To validate the difficulty of these tasks, we construct the Video Intrinsic Understanding Benchmark (VIUBench), revealing that current state-of-the-art MLLMs struggle significantly on these tasks. Building upon these pretext tasks, we develop the VideoSSR-30K dataset and propose VideoSSR, a novel video self-supervised reinforcement learning framework for RLVR. Extensive experiments across 17 benchmarks, spanning four major video domains (General Video QA, Long Video QA, Temporal Grounding, and Complex Reasoning), demonstrate that our VideoSSR consistently enhances model performance, yielding an average improvement of over 5%. These results establish VideoSSR as a potent foundational framework for developing more advanced video understanding in MLLMs.

cs.CV · cs.CL

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:ef33cd5575725083801cca53a255d578CVF · CVPR 2026

WOD-E2E: Waymo Open Dataset for End-to-End Driving in Challenging Long-tail Scenarios

Xu, Runsheng, Lin, Hubert, Jeon, Wonseok, Feng, Hao, Zou, Yuliang, Sun, Liting, Gorman, John, Tolstaya, Kate 等 14 位作者

原文摘要

Vision-based end-to-end (E2E) driving has garnered interest in the research community due to its scalability and synergy with multimodal large language models (MLLMs). However, current E2E driving benchmarks primarily feature nominal scenarios paired with existing open-loop evaluation metrics that fall short in capturing the multimodal nature of driving or effectively evaluating performance in long-tail scenarios. To address these gaps, we introduce the Waymo Open Dataset for End-to-End Driving (WOD-E2E). WOD-E2E contains 4,021 driving segments (approximately 12 hours), specifically curated for challenging long-tail scenarios that are rare in daily life with an occurring frequency of less than 0.03%. Each segment in WOD-E2E includes the high-level routing information, ego states, and 360-degree camera views from 8 surrounding cameras. To evaluate E2E driving performance on these long-tail situations, we propose a novel open-loop evaluation metric: Rater Feedback Score (RFS). Unlike conventional distance-based metrics, RFS measures how closely a predicted trajectory matches rater-annotated trajectory preference labels. WOD-E2E includes rater preference labels for validation, and a separate held out test set is used for the 2025 WOD-E2E Challenge benchmark leaderboard.

cs.CV · cs.CL

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:ef3d891fe0fb71775681933c7d052b45CVF · CVPR 2026

BALM: A Model-Agnostic Framework for Balanced Multimodal Learning under Imbalanced Missing Rates

Nguyen, Phuong-Anh, Pham, Tien Anh, Le, Duc-Trong, Nguyen, Cam-Van Thi

原文摘要

Learning from multiple modalities often suffers from imbalance, where information-rich modalities dominate optimization while weaker or partially missing modalities contribute less. This imbalance becomes severe in realistic settings with imbalanced missing modalities (IMR), where each modality is absent with different probabilities, distorting representation learning and gradient dynamics. We revisit this issue from a training-process perspective and propose BALM, a model-agnostic plug-in framework to achieve balanced multimodal learning under IMR. The framework consists of two complementary modules. The Feature Calibration Module (FCM) operates at the representation level, recalibrating unimodal features through global contextual information to build a shared representation basis across heterogeneous missing patterns. The Gradient Rebalancing Module (GRM) works at the optimization level, equalizing learning dynamics across modalities by modulating gradient magnitudes and directions from distributional and spatial perspectives. BALM can be seamlessly integrated into diverse backbones, including multimodal emotion recognition (MER) models, without altering their architectures. Experimental results across multiple MER benchmarks confirm that BALM consistently enhances robustness and improves performance under diverse missing and imbalance settings.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:ef4eed4ca6f0b3320076935fe23d6446CVF · CVPR 2026

Focus-to-Perceive Representation Learning: A Cognition-Inspired Hierarchical Framework for Endoscopic Video Analysis

Zhang, Yuan, Dou, Sihao, Hu, Kai, Deng, Shuhua, Cao, Chunhong, Xiao, Fen, Gao, Xieping

原文摘要

Endoscopic video analysis is essential for early gastrointestinal screening but remains hindered by limited high-quality annotations. While self-supervised video pre-training shows promise, existing methods developed for natural videos prioritize dense spatio-temporal modeling and exhibit motion bias, overlooking the static, structured semantics critical to clinical decision-making. To address this challenge, we propose Focus-to-Perceive Representation Learning (FPRL), a cognition-inspired hierarchical framework that emulates clinical examination. FPRL first focuses on intra-frame lesion-centric regions to learn static semantics, and then perceives their evolution across frames to model contextual semantics. To achieve this, FPRL employs a hierarchical semantic modeling mechanism that explicitly distinguishes and collaboratively learns both types of semantics. Specifically, it begins by capturing static semantics via teacher-prior adaptive masking (TPAM) combined with multi-view sparse sampling. This approach mitigates redundant temporal dependencies and enables the model to concentrate on lesion-related local semantics. Following this, contextual semantics are derived through cross-view masked feature completion (CVMFC) and attention-guided temporal prediction (AGTP). These processes establish cross-view correspondences and effectively model structured inter-frame evolution, thereby reinforcing temporal semantic continuity while preserving global contextual integrity. Extensive experiments on 11 endoscopic video datasets show that FPRL achieves superior performance across diverse downstream tasks, demonstrating its effectiveness in endoscopic video representation learning. The code is available at https://github.com/MLMIP/FPRL.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:ef7f88a9168b12878351a1973de55afdCVF · CVPR 2026

Retrieve-to-Restore: Efficient All-in-One Image Restoration with a Retrieval-Based Degradation Bank

Wang, Chenxu, Zhang, Kai, Yang, Jian

原文摘要

All-in-one image restoration aims to recover clean images from heterogeneous degradations with a single model, but joint training on multiple degradations with a shared backbone often induces cross-task interference and unstable optimization, making it hard to maintain strong performance across all tasks. To address this, we propose Retrieve-to-Restore (R2R), a lightweight framework that decouples degradation adaptation from backbone computation through a retrieval-based degradation bank. Specifically, R2R externalizes degradation knowledge as unified, degradation-specific priors stored in a compact degradation bank. A degradation amalgamator aggregates intra-class features guided by ground truth into task-level clean priors during training, while degradation matching retrieves the most relevant prior at inference to modulate backbone features for restoration. This retrieval-guided design explicitly separates degradation cues from shared reconstruction capacity, enabling stable multi-degradation training and straightforward scaling to additional degradation types. Extensive comparisons on benchmarks with one, three, and five degradations show that R2R achieves PSNR on par with state-of-the-art all-in-one methods while using about 91% fewer MACs.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:ef8e5ed06d00f6f1faf905eadd9e2c80CVF · CVPR 2026

MSGNav: Unleashing the Power of Multi-modal 3D Scene Graph for Zero-Shot Embodied Navigation

Huang, Xun, Zhao, Shijia, Wang, Yunxiang, Lu, Xin, Zhang, Wanfa, Qu, Rongsheng, Li, Weixin, Wang, Yunhong 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Embodied navigation is a fundamental capability for robotic agents operating. Real-world deployment requires open vocabulary generalization and low training overhead, motivating zero-shot methods rather than task-specific RL training. However, existing zero-shot methods that build explicit 3D scene graphs often compress rich visual observations into text-only relations, leading to high construction cost, irreversible loss of visual evidence, and constrained vocabularies.To address these limitations, we introduce the Multi-modal 3D Scene Graph (M3DSG), which preserves visual cues by replacing textual relational edges with dynamically assigned images. Built on M3DSG, we propose MSGNav, a zero-shot navigation system that includes a Key Subgraph Selection module for efficient reasoning, an Adaptive Vocabulary Update module for open vocabulary support, and a Closed-Loop Reasoning module for accurate exploration reasoning. Additionally, we further identify the "last mile" problem in zero-shot navigation -- determining the feasible target location with a suitable final viewpoint, and propose a Visibility-based Viewpoint Decision module to explicitly resolve it. Comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that MSGNav achieves state-of-the-art performance on GOAT-Bench and HM3D-OVON datasets. The open-source code will be publicly available.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:ef92f6c13c1cfb8053e62a5af4f2b7d1CVF · CVPR 2026

SpatialReward: Verifiable Spatial Reward Modeling for Fine-Grained Spatial Consistency in Text-to-Image Generation

Zhou, Sashuai, Zhou, Qiang, Ma, Junpeng, Cao, Yue, Hu, Ruofan, Zhang, Ziang, Yang, Xiaoda, Wang, Zhibin 等 12 位作者

原文摘要

Recent advances in text-to-image (T2I) generation via reinforcement learning (RL) have benefited from reward models that assess semantic alignment and visual quality. However, most existing reward models pay limited attention to fine-grained spatial relationships, often producing images that appear plausible overall yet contain inaccuracies in object positioning. In this work, we present SpatialReward, a verifiable reward model explicitly designed to evaluate spatial layouts in generated images. SpatialReward adopts a multi-stage pipeline: a Prompt Decomposer extracts entities, attributes, and spatial metadata from free-form prompts; expert detectors provide accurate visual grounding of object positions and attributes; and a vision-language model applies chain-of-thought reasoning over grounded observations to assess complex spatial relations that are challenging for rule-based methods. To more comprehensively evaluate spatial relationships in generated images, we introduce SpatRelBench, a benchmark covering object attributes, orientation, inter-object relations, and rendered text placement. Experiments on Stable Diffusion and FLUX show that incorporating SpatialReward into RL training consistently improves spatial consistency and overall generation quality, with results aligned more closely to human judgments. These findings indicate that verifiable reward models hold considerable potential for enabling more accurate and controllable optimization in text-to-image generation models.

cs.CV · cs.CL

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:ef9bec039f75194127289e8dcc98b176CVF · CVPR 2026

Learning Latent Concepts for Detecting Out-of-Distribution Objects

Peng, Ting, Dong, Junhao, Ong, Yew-Soon

原文摘要

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) objects is indispensable for safely deploying object detectors in the wild. Current approaches enable the unknown-aware ability by regularizing the instance-level feature space, such as outlier synthesis. Despite the general efficacy, it is challenging to truly learn the concept of 'unknown' under the absence of real unknown data. In this paper, we propose UNO-Adapter, a simple yet highly effective framework tailored for OOD object detection. Our key insight is that in object detection, where in-distribution (ID) and OOD objects may coexist within the same context, we need global abstraction and reasoning to help the detector learn their differences, i.e., unknown injection. UNO-Adapter consists of two key steps: unsupervised concept discovery and neural concept binder. The former introduces an object-centric learning paradigm to abstract and model the holistic image, including both ID and OOD, obtaining sparse and compressed slot-based representations with relational constraints. The latter dynamically combines slots with object candidates extracted by the detector, binding the concept of unknown to the de facto detector. During inference, we introduce an image-guided OOD object score to reinforce the distinction between ID and OOD. Experiments on standard benchmarks demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method. In particular, UNO-Adapter reduces the FPR95 by up to 11.96% compared to the previous best OOD object detection method.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:efc52ddd28367ecc83f2b265ffcd5817CVF · CVPR 2026

Unified Multimodal Models as Auto-Encoders

Yan, Zhiyuan, Lin, Kaiqing, Li, Zongjian, Ye, Junyan, Han, Hui, Wang, Haochen, Wang, Zhendong, Lin, Bin 等 13 位作者

原文摘要

Image-to-text (I2T) understanding and text-to-image (T2I) generation are two fundamental, important yet traditionally isolated multimodal tasks. Despite their intrinsic connection, existing approaches typically optimize them independently, missing the opportunity for mutual enhancement. In this paper, we argue that the both tasks can be connected under a shared Auto-Encoder perspective, where text serves as the intermediate latent representation bridging the two directions - encoding images into textual semantics (I2T) and decoding text back into images (T2I). Our key insight is that if the encoder truly "understands" the image, it should capture all essential structure, and if the decoder truly "understands" the text, it should recover that structure faithfully. Building upon this principle, we propose Unified-GRPO, a post-training method based on reinforcement learning that jointly optimizes both modules through reconstructive rewards, maximizing the semantic consistency between the input and the generated images. Under this reconstruction objective, the encoder is encouraged to extract as much accurate and comprehensive semantic information from the input image to maximize reconstruction quality, while the decoder is simultaneously optimized to generate conditioned on the encoder's prior, enabling a self-evolving improvement. Empirically, we find that using text as the intermediate representation and training under a reconstructive RL paradigm effectively benefits both I2T and T2I. The I2T module gains stronger fine-grained visual perception, such as small-object recognition, grounding, etc, while its dense embeddings and language priors, in turn, provide richer semantic signals that improve T2I fidelity and complex instruction following. These results demonstrate that the reconstructive RL establishes a mutually reinforcing cross-modal synergy within the auto-encoding framework.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:efdef1a06966f3fc70ba8690430d4e00CVF · CVPR 2026

UniTEX: Universal High Fidelity Generative Texturing for 3D Shapes

Liang, Yixun, Luo, Kunming, Chen, Xiao, Chen, Rui, Yan, Hongyu, Li, Weiyu, Liu, Jiarui, Tian, Fei-Peng 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

We present UniTEX, a novel two-stage 3D texture generation framework to create high-quality, consistent textures for 3D assets. Existing approaches predominantly rely on UV-based models in the second stage to refine textures after reprojecting the generated multi-view images onto the 3D shapes, which introduces challenges related to topological ambiguity. To address this, we bypass the limitations of UV mapping by introducing a Large Texturing Model (LTM) that directly regresses textures in a unified 3D functional space. Moreover, to enable more effective and complete supervision of LTM, we propose to extend surface-defined textures into a continuous volumetric field to serve as an advanced training objective, which we refer to as Texture Functions (TF). Finally, we develop an advanced LoRA-based strategy for efficiently adapting large-scale 2D Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) for high-quality multi-view texture synthesis as our first stage. Extensive experiments demonstrate that UniTEX achieves superior visual quality and texture integrity compared to existing approaches, offering a generalizable and scalable solution for automated 3D texture generation. Code is available in: https://github.com/HKUST-SAIL/UniTEX

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:efe0b26514f014823f975e4b3d72facbCVF · CVPR 2026

One Layer's Trash is Another Layer's Treasure: Adaptive Layer-wise Visual Token Selection in LVLMs

Chen, Yongru, Zhang, Kai, Zong, Zeliang, Lu, Yuchen, Tan, Wenming, Ren, Ye, Hu, Jilin

原文摘要

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse multimodal tasks, yet their practical deployment remains constrained by the computational burden arising from lengthy visual tokens. While visual token pruning has emerged as a promising solution, existing methods suffer from a fundamental limitation: once tokens are pruned at a specific layer, they become inaccessible to all subsequent layers, leading to premature information loss that can compromise model performance. Through empirical studies, we observe that different layers exhibit distinct visual region focus, indicating a varying optimal token subset across layers. Motivated by this insight, we propose Adaptive Layer-wise Visual Token Selection (ALVTS), a novel framework that breaks away from the conventional static token pruning paradigm. ALVTS incorporates a lightweight token selector to identify and route important tokens for further processing, while allowing less important tokens to skip the layer, thus minimizing computational redundancy. These two streams of tokens are seamlessly reintegrated before being fed into subsequent layers, facilitating adaptive compression across the entire model. Grounded in our importance consistency constrained low-rank approximation, the proposed token selection module closely emulates the full attention mechanism, effectively capturing its essential patterns without requiring model retraining. Extensive experiments on LLaVA-1.5, LLaVA-NeXT, and Qwen2.5-VL validate the effectiveness of our method. With an 89% token compression ratio, ALVTS retains 96.7% of the original model's accuracy, achieving a superior efficiency-accuracy trade-off for LVLM inference.

cs.CV · cs.CL

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:effbcc6fb5db8620743fd450536975feCVF · CVPR 2026

ORBIT: Benchmarking SfM in the Wild with 360deg Video

Sabour, Sara, Tucker, Richard, Brubaker, Marcus, Saxena, Saurabh, Hur, Junhwa, Tagliasacchi, Andrea, Sun, Deqing, Fleet, David J. 等 10 位作者

原文摘要

Structure-from-Motion (SfM) is a cornerstone of 3D perception, yet current methods often fail when applied to complex videos involving challenging camera motions or dynamic scenes.Compounding the problem, the field lacks reliable ground-truth benchmarks for such difficult scenarios, making it hard to gauge real-world progress, or pinpoint where improvements are most needed.To address this gap, we introduce a new benchmark for evaluating camera pose estimation.Our key insight is to leverage online panoramic 360deg as a source of data from which to construct challenging clips, while still enabling robust ground-truth trajectory recovery.The panoramic nature of these videos provides richer visual context for tracking camera motion, even when parts of the view are affected by blur, motion, or dynamic objects.By tracking camera motion across full 360deg videos, we crop and reproject selected portions to generate perspective-view clips that serve as our benchmark---ORBIT---a diverse collection of 100 video clips.Experiments show that COLMAP and other state-of-the-art SfM methods struggle to accurately estimate camera positions on our benchmark, indicating that it remains a challenging and open problem space for future research.As a result, ORBIT provides a valuable testbed where researchers can meaningfully compete and measure progress on truly challenging, real-world SfM problems.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:f00434f7791f12d097935fb0795699f4CVF · CVPR 2026

DeRVOS: Decoupling Consistent Trajectory Generation and Multimodal Understanding for Referring Video Object Segmentation

Cheng, Wenxuan, Dai, Ming, Lu, Huimin, Yang, Wankou

原文摘要

Referring video object segmentation (RVOS) aims to segment objects within a video according to natural language expressions. Unlike earlier works focusing on static single-object scenarios, recent studies address more complex motion scenes. Previous methods typically adopt a query-based, logically multi-stage pipeline to handle these scenarios. However, this paradigm learns trajectory consistency modeling and multimodal fusion from scratch, which often leads to trajectory inconsistencies and insufficient multimodal understanding. To address these limitations, we propose DeRVOS, a framework that decouples RVOS into two key branches: consistent trajectory generation and multimodal understanding. We extract temporally consistent object representations using a powerful pretrained instance trajectory generation model and perform cross-modal alignment via a unified multimodal encoder, enabling upstream modeling of trajectory consistency and vision-language understanding. This design reduces RVOS to the task of modeling the relationship between referring expressions and instance trajectories. To connect the two branches and enable efficient motion-aware semantic understanding, we introduce the Trajectory Alignment and Implicit Selection (TAIS) module, which progressively performs cross-frame multimodal alignment and motion-guided implicit trajectory selection. Extensive experiments demonstrate that DeRVOS achieves state-of-the-art results on both traditional RVOS benchmarks and the challenging MeViS dataset, surpassing LVLM-based methods by 4.7%.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:f0320cb54bc3e09631402cad165eb6d0CVF · CVPR 2026

Revisiting F-measure Optimization in Multi-Label Classification: A Sampling-based Approach

Wang, Zixun

原文摘要

The F-measure is a widely used metric in multi-label classification, where multiple labels are predicted simultaneously for a single instance. The optimal prediction rule for F-measure requires estimating q^2+1 probabilities, where q is the number of labels. Existing approaches train q multinomial estimators (multi-class classifiers) to directly estimate these probabilities, followed by a matrix multiplication for making predictions. However, this method has two major drawbacks. First, the matrix multiplication incurs a time complexity of \mathcal O (q^3), which becomes computationally expensive for large q. Second, training multinomial estimators is challenging due to the sparsity of the underlying distributions, which results from the inherent imbalance in multi-label datasets and is further exacerbated by the label transformation required by the method itself. In this paper, we first demonstrate that matrix multiplication can be reformulated as a series of convolutions by exploiting a special structure in the matrix. These convolutions can then be efficiently computed using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), reducing the time complexity to \mathcal O (q^2\log q). To avoid multinomial label transformation, we propose an indirect sampling-then-estimation approach to estimate the required probabilities. This method trains only q binary estimators instead of multinomial ones, thereby alleviating the sparsity issue, simplifying the training process, and improving performance. We provide theoretical guarantees for the consistency of the proposed sampling-based method and demonstrate its effectiveness through extensive experiments on diverse datasets. The code is available in: https://github.com/ZixunWang/MLC-F1-Sampling.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:f036c6ca82d59c93ec0eb9ef8183c3b6CVF · CVPR 2026

Boosting Document Parsing Efficiency and Performance with Coarse-to-Fine Visual Processing

Cui, Cheng, Sun, Ting, Liang, Suyin, Gao, Tingquan, Zhang, Zelun, Liu, Jiaxuan, Wang, Xueqing, Zhou, Changda 等 18 位作者

原文摘要

Document parsing is a fine-grained task where image resolution significantly impacts performance. While advanced research leveraging vision-language models benefits from high-resolution input to boost model performance, this often leads to a quadratic increase in the number of vision tokens and significantly raises computational costs. We attribute this inefficiency to substantial visual regions redundancy in document images, like background. To tackle this, we propose PaddleOCR-VL, a novel coarse-to-fine architecture that focuses on semantically relevant regions while suppressing redundant ones, thereby improving both efficiency and performance. Specifically, we introduce a lightweight Valid Region Focus Module (VRFM) which leverages localization and contextual relationship prediction capabilities to identify valid vision tokens. Subsequently, we design and train a compact yet powerful 0.9B vision-language model (PaddleOCR-VL-0.9B) to perform detailed recognition, guided by VRFM outputs to avoid direct processing of the entire large image. Extensive experiments demonstrate that PaddleOCR-VL achieves state-of-the-art performance in both page-level parsing and element-level recognition. It significantly outperforms existing solutions, exhibits strong competitiveness against top-tier VLMs, and delivers fast inference while utilizing substantially fewer vision tokens and parameters, highlighting the effectiveness of targeted coarse-to-fine parsing for accurate and efficient document understanding. The source code and models are publicly available at https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/PaddleOCR.

cs.CV · cs.CL

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1CVF · CVPR 2026:cvf:f04fc0fbfd5673fe7374f7c828e2e7c5CVF · CVPR 2026

Neurodynamics-Driven Coupled Neural P Systems for Multi-Focus Image Fusion

Li, Bo, Lei, Yunkuo, Bao, Tingting, Yan, Hang, Wang, Yaxian, Fu, Weiping, Zhang, Lingling, Liu, Jun

原文摘要

Multi-focus image fusion (MFIF) is a crucial technique in image processing, with a key challenge being the generation of decision maps with precise boundaries. However, traditional methods based on heuristic rules and deep learning methods with black-box networks are difficult to generate high-quality decision maps. To overcome this challenge, we introduce neurodynamics-driven coupled neural P (CNP) systems, which are biological neural computation models inspired by spiking mechanisms, to enhance the accuracy of decision maps. Specifically, we first conduct an in-depth analysis of the model's neurodynamics to identify the constraints between the network parameters and the input signals. This solid analysis avoids abnormal continuous firing of neurons and ensures the model accurately distinguishes between focused and unfocused regions, generating high-quality decision maps for MFIF. Based on this analysis, we propose a Neurodynamics-Driven CNP Fusion model (ND-CNPFuse) tailored for the challenging MFIF task. Unlike current ideas of decision map generation, ND-CNPFuse distinguishes between focused and unfocused regions by mapping the source image into interpretable spike matrices. By comparing the number of spikes, an accurate decision map can be generated directly without any post-processing. Extensive experimental results show that ND-CNPFuse achieves new state-of-the-art performance on four classical MFIF datasets, including Lytro, MFFW, MFI-WHU, and Real-MFF. The code is available at https://github.com/MorvanLi/ND-CNPFuse.

cs.CV

Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · 2026 · 正式发表