From Synthesis to Clinical Assistance: A Strategy-Aware Agent Framework for Autism Intervention based on Real Clinical Dataset
Junhong Lai, Shuzhong Lai, Yanhao Yu, Wanlin Chen Hangzhou City University, Chenyu Yan Zhejiang University, Haifeng Li Zhejiang University, Lin Yao Zhejiang University, Yueming Wang Zhejiang University
The development of AI-assisted Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI) for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is severely constrained by data scarcity. Furthermore, while Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) serves as the gold standard for clinical intervention, general-purpose Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to strictly adhere to its standardized procedures, often resulting in interactions that are linguistically fluent but strategically inconsistent. To address these challenges, we introduce ASDAgent, a strategy-aware framework designed to unify high-fidelity intervention dialogue synthesis and clinical decision support. ASDAgent incorporates two specialized components to solve distinct problems: (i) a DoctorAgent equipped with an Observe-Think-Act-Correct (O-T-A-C) reasoning loop, which resolves the issue of strategy collapse in LLMs by making ABA execution explicit and controllable; and (ii) a ChildAgent that utilizes probabilistic behavior modeling to mitigate data homogeneity, simulating diverse and non-deterministic ASD response patterns. Experiments demonstrate that dialogues generated by ASDAgent closely mirror the strategy distribution of human therapists (KL divergence: 0.083). In real autism intervention, ASDAgent achieves nearly 80% strategic consistency with human experts. Moreover, we show that synthetic data produced by ASDAgent effectively distills professional clinical knowledge into small language models (SLMs), significantly enhancing their therapeutic capabilities.
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Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表