面向可靠、可泛化且具体的上下文知识编辑:多目标强化学习方法
Towards Reliable, Generalizable, and Specific In-Context Knowledge Editing via Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning
Xuzhong Wang, Maiqi Jiang, Tejal Nair, Girija Bhusal, Yanfu Zhang, Haipeng Chen
AI 速读 基于摘要
作者提出多目标强化学习算法 MO-IKE,将上下文知识编辑的提示构建建模为约束马尔可夫决策过程,以平衡可靠性、泛化性与特异性。
cs.AI · cs.LG
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Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful but limited by static parametric knowledge that becomes outdated once pretraining ends. Knowledge editing addresses this problem by updating model behavior on target facts without full retraining. In particular, in-context knowledge editing has gained attention because it is training-free and readily applicable to black-box LLMs. Recent reinforcement learning (RL)-based approaches improve over fixed retrieval strategies by adapting prompt construction to the quantity-quality trade-off. Despite initial success, they fail to model the prompt as a structured entity under the distinct and often competing objectives of reliability, generality, and specificity. Previous methods largely optimize a single objective and make decisions over only part of the prompt construction process, thereby overlooking both the balance of different objectives and the global organization of demonstrations. We propose Multi-Objective In-context Knowledge Editing (MO-IKE), a multi-objective RL algorithm that formulates prompt construction for in-context knowledge editing as a Constrained Markov Decision Process. MO-IKE trains a dynamic retriever to optimize competing objectives in knowledge editing, enabling more balanced and globally coherent prompt construction. On Llama-3.2, MO-IKE improves edit success (reliability) from 85.0% to 92.0%, paraphrase consistency (generality) from 77% to 79%, while increasing retention rate (specificity) by 23.0% compared to prior RL-based methods.