MCP-Net: Real-Time Coronary Perception Network and Topological Analysis for Robotic Guidewire Navigation
Sahar Nasirihaghighi, Tianyuan Wang, Kenan Niu, Stefano Stramigioli
Coronary guidewire navigation during percutaneous coronary intervention requires continuous interpretation of vessel anatomy, guidewire position, and target stenosis under two-dimensional X-ray fluoroscopy. While existing approaches commonly address vessel segmentation or device localization as separate tasks, a robotic system requires a more structured perception of the coronary scene to support downstream navigation. In this work, we present a simulation-driven framework centered on a Multi-Task Coronary Perception Network (MCP-Net) for robotic guidewire navigation, integrating coronary vessel segmentation, vascular topology extraction, and roadmap generation. Starting from three-dimensional coronary CT angiography, we generate simulated fluoroscopy images containing vascular structures, simulated guidewires, stenotic lesions with varying severity, and diverse vascular geometries, together with simulation-derived ground truth. MCP-Net jointly performs coronary vessel segmentation, guidewire-tip localization, and stenosis localization from a single fluoroscopic frame. These predictions are subsequently converted into a structured vascular graph containing centerlines, bifurcations, endpoints, branch directions, and branch angles. By associating the predicted stenosis with this graph, the framework generates a roadmap from the automatically selected graph root toward the target lesion. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework can jointly recover coronary perception targets and transform them into an interpretable vascular representation suitable for downstream robotic navigation.
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