Trace2Eval: Contextualized Evaluation of Coding Agents from Real-World Traces
Ji Shi, Lirong Jie, Lexiao Zou, Yaoming Zhu, Yifan Yang, Xuezhi Cao, Xunliang Cai, Miao Zhang
Coding agents are increasingly used in real-world workflows across diverse domains, motivating evaluation grounded in real user tasks. Existing benchmarks, however, largely rely on static public tasks with reference patches or hidden tests. Next-generation coding-agent benchmarks should therefore move beyond correctness on fixed tasks toward continually renewed evaluation of overall artifact quality in real user workflows. We propose Trace2Eval, a dynamically updatable pipeline that constructs benchmarks from real-world interaction trajectories. Trace2Eval employs a multi-agent reconstruction system to analyze the filtered trajectory, recover the original user query, restore the workspace files to their pre-interaction state, and rebuild a trajectory-equivalent execution environment. A candidate agent then executes the reconstructed query to produce an initial artifact. To evaluate these artifacts, the pipeline iteratively refines human rubrics through inter-annotator alignment, and calibrates judge agents against human assessments using source-code and runtime evidence. Guided by feedback from the Trace2Eval pipeline, models revise their initial artifacts, yielding a mean score gain of 10.05 percentage points across 19 model-harness configurations and a maximum of 19.28 percentage points for DeepSeek-V4-Pro with Claude Code, which supports rubric feedback as actionable guidance for artifact improvement.
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