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版本更新 · v3arXiv:2603.24562

面向临床记录的可扩展复发感知基础模型:基于下次就诊预测

Scaling Recurrence-aware Foundation Models for Clinical Records via Next-Visit Prediction

Xiang Gao, Haresh Rengaraj Rajamohan, Weicheng Zhu, Shih-Lun Huang, Long Chen, Gabe Schulman, Huizhen Jin, Shengduo Li 等 13 位作者

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提出 RAVEN,一种基于复发感知下次就诊事件预测的序列 EHR 生成式预训练策略,并在百万级个体数据上考察其零样本预测与缩放行为。

cs.LG

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While large-scale pretraining has revolutionized language modeling, its potential remains underexplored in healthcare with structured electronic health records (EHRs). We present RAVEN, a novel generative pretraining strategy for sequential EHR data based on Recurrence-Aware next-Visit EveNt prediction. Leveraging a dataset of over one million unique individuals, our model learns to autoregressively generate tokenized clinical events for the next visit conditioned on patient history. We introduce regularization on predicting repeated events and highlight a key pitfall in EHR-based foundation model evaluations: repeated event tokens can inflate performance metrics when new onsets are not distinguished from subsequent occurrences. Furthermore, we empirically investigate the scaling behaviors in a data-constrained, compute-saturated regime, showing that simply increasing model size is suboptimal without commensurate increases in data volume. We evaluate our model via zero-shot prediction for forecasting the incidence of a diverse set of diseases, where it rivals fully fine-tuned representation-based Transformer models and outperforms both standard simulation-based next-token approaches and a prompted medical large language model baseline. Finally, without additional parameter updates, we show that RAVEN can generalize to an external patient cohort under lossy clinical code mappings and feature coverage gaps.