Structure-retained low-rank adapters for weather synthesis
Shunxin Wang, Alexandros Stergiou, Luuk Spreeuwers, Estefania Talavera, Nicola Strisciuglio
Real-world deployment of computer vision models, particularly in outdoor scenarios, is often limited by environmental interferences, such as adverse weather. Improving model robustness across weather conditions is thus critical for reliability. However, sourcing high-quality data relevant to isolated weather effects is a significant challenge. Most datasets include changes in dynamic elements across observations of the same scene: subjects such as pedestrians and vehicles change between shots, while camera viewpoints vary. These aspects make it difficult to decouple solely weather-induced distribution shifts from the scene. In this work, we address this with a novel weather synthesis framework that utilizes structure-retaining Low-Rank Adapters (LoRA). We analyze the attention blocks in Stable Diffusion XL (SDXL) and identify where relevant structural information is mostly processed during image-to-image translation. Through an architectural analysis of SDXL, we learn structural LoRA matrices for the corresponding blocks and then leverage them for weather synthesis, eliminating the need for external conditioning such as ControlNet. Experimental results demonstrate that our method improves upon existing synthesis approaches, achieving greater realism while preserving structure. This provides a robust pipeline for generating high-fidelity training and evaluation data for outdoor computer vision applications.
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