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新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.08870

Bidirectional Modeling of mmWave Human Signals for Enhancement & Synthesis

Shuntian Zheng, Hoang Hai Pham, Jiaqi Li, Xiaoman Lu, Shuai He, Yu Guan

原文摘要

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) is attractive for human-centered robotics in smoke, darkness, and privacy-sensitive indoor spaces: it measures reflections rather than visually identifiable imagery and remains usable without light. Deployed systems, however, face two complementary needs that run in opposite directions. Enhancement starts from a raw range-angle-Doppler (RAD) heatmap, where human returns coexist with nonhuman structure, and aims to isolate the human signal by removing nonhuman returns, yielding a clean RAD input for downstream perception. Synthesis starts from denser human geometry and aims to synthesize natural RAD observations, including environmental and hardware features, thereby expanding scarce supervision data. Although the two tasks reverse direction, both require modeling how human and nonhuman reflections coexist in the same measurement. Among RAD axes, Doppler provides motion information native to the modality, with the potential to support this modeling. We therefore cast both tasks on the dual-domain RAD heatmap and propose HeatWave, which injects Doppler when it is locally reliable, and routes Doppler asymmetrically for enhancement and synthesis within one shared backbone. This design improves both tasks: enhanced observations reduce mean per-joint position error by 11.4% relative to the raw recording, and synthesized samples that replace half of the real radar labels recover most of the activity accuracy lost to the reduced budget. Relative to an unspecialized dual-task heatmap baseline, the enhancement improves motion-critical samples under metallic clutter by 2.3times more than when geometry already suffices, and synthesis follows the same ordering with a narrower spread, providing the community with a research direction more closely aligned with the signal's characteristics.

cs.HC

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.08863

What Limits mmWave Human-State Sensing for Robot Perception?

Shuntian Zheng, Guangming Wang, Hongyang He, Shuai He, Yu Guan

原文摘要

Assistive robots and search-and-rescue platforms require reliable human state sensing in smoke, darkness, and privacy-sensitive environments, where cameras and LiDAR may be unreliable Millimeter-wave radar offers an alternative that works without ambient light, penetrates smoke, and does not capture visual appearance. However, the compact arrays that fit robot size, power, and cost budgets have limited apertures, producing joint-localization errors on the order of decimeters at a few meters, large enough to compromise the safety margins and tracking accuracy a robot depends on. Existing pipelines reduce pose error through frame fusion, multiple viewpoints, return selection, or stronger estimators, but examine one technique at a time, without relating its effect to a shared measurement limit or separating gains from added information from gains from estimator completion. We address this gap with a framework that models the human and environment as one time-varying scattering field and states a Cramer-Rao type error floor for joint localization as a function of bandwidth, aperture, signal-to-noise ratio, fused frame count, phase coherence, and visibility of retained returns. We then use existing frame fusion, multi viewpoint, return selection, and pose estimation methods as matched probes of this floor rather than as competing pipelines. Under the evaluated conditions, experiments on three datasets and a live deployment show these strategies move joint localization error in the predicted directions, for example lowering mean per-joint position error from about 97 to 65 mm with a second viewpoint, while a stronger estimator mainly lowers overall error by completing joints the measurement cannot resolve. These results give the robotics community a principled basis for deciding whether to prioritize observation design or estimator capacity when deploying reliable mmWave human sensing.

cs.RO · cs.HC

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.07055

Expanding the Quality-Coverage Frontier with Competitive Flow Matching

Wenxuan Peng, Richard Zhang, Haitian Zheng, Jaskirat Singh, Tsai-Shien Chen, Eli Shechtman, Bharath Hariharan, Hadar Averbuch-Elor 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Flow matching (FM) generators often face a quality-coverage tradeoff. Inference-time techniques such as classifier-free guidance raise quality, but at the cost of coverage. We hypothesize this limitation stems from a basic property of the objective: an intermediate noisy image could correspond to many clean images, yet the model can only predict a single velocity, at best averaging over the multiple possibilities. To mitigate this, we introduce competition among predictions during training. We achieve this by augmenting the predictor with a randomly drawn low-dimensional conditioning code $z$. For each training example, we sample $K$ values of $z$ to produce $K$ candidate velocities that compete to explain the target, and apply the loss only to the best-matching candidate. This winner-take-all objective allows different modes to shape different predictions, rather than being averaged into a single compromise. Furthermore, this term naturally enables a new form of guidance, auxiliary conditioning scaling, which complements traditional guidance methods. Together, these two guidance mechanisms show that our method substantially improves the quality-coverage frontier. We validate on ImageNet-256, using two different testbeds, SiT and RAEv2. Given less than 3% of the original SiT pretraining compute for post-training, at the 67% Recall point, our method reduces $\mathrm{FD}_{r,6}$ from 19.22 to 5.91. On RAEv2, at the 70% Recall point, it reduces $\mathrm{FD}_{r,6}$ from 16.83 to 3.18.

cs.CV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.02341

AgiWorld: An Agentic Video World Model for Building Persistent Worlds

Shaoheng Fang, Yiqun Mei, Hanwen Jiang, Xin Sun, Haitian Zheng, Hao Tan, Kalyan Sunkavalli, Georgios Pavlakos 等 10 位作者

原文摘要

Recent interactive video world models generate visually compelling videos from a single image, following user-provided camera motion and text prompts. However, such low-level control demands substantial user effort to realize a high-level intent, and the generated world struggles to remain persistent as the exploration proceeds. In this work, we present AgiWorld, an agentic video world model that explores and builds a persistent world from a single image and a free-form instruction. For high-level planning, our agent AgiWorld-Agent designs the world and the journey through it in a world state and directs the exploration. For low-level realization, our video world model AgiWorld-WM generates the video chunk by chunk and stores it with its geometry in a spatial memory, from which the agent updates its world state. This closed loop keeps the world faithful to the user's intent and keeps the agent's world state consistent with the generated content throughout the exploration. We co-design the two levels around the shared spatial memory and an interface of metric camera trajectories and structured prompts. In AgiWorld-WM, to handle occlusion and accumulated geometric errors in the spatial memory over long rollouts, we propose occlusion-aware history selection, which retrieves past views by surface visibility, and reliability-based memory maintenance, which prefers reliable geometry and earlier observations. AgiWorld-WM achieves state-of-the-art overall performance on world revisiting and exploration benchmarks, and qualitative results and ablations show that AgiWorld builds persistent worlds from free-form instructions over minute-long journeys. Persistence thus arises not from the video model alone but from its closed loop with the agent.

cs.CV · cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2605.08530

A Two-Stage Shape- and Motion-Aware Framework for mmWave-based Human Mesh Recovery

Hoang Hai Pham, Shuntian Zheng, Jiaqi Li, Yu Guan

原文摘要

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar has emerged as a promising sensing modality for human perception, offering robustness under challenging environmental conditions and strong privacy preservation. However, recovering accurate 3D human meshes from radar is difficult for two reasons: radar tensors contain significant environmental clutter, and each frame observes only part of the body surface. These challenges demand opposite operations, removing measured energy that does not belong to the body versus inferring geometry the sensor never measured. Yet previous works typically entangle both within a single network, with the mesh objective as the main supervision. We instead reformulate radar-based mesh recovery as two explicitly supervised sub-problems. A signal-level separation stage isolates body-related voxels through coarse-to-fine localization and voxel-wise segmentation, trained with visibility derived voxel labels. A structure-level reconstruction stage then recovers the body from this partial observation using a dual-branch network that jointly models per-frame shape and inter-frame motion. Experiments show that our method reduces mesh error by up to 9.1% over the strongest baseline while using over 10 $\times$ fewer parameters. Source code can be found via https://github.com/haipham03/mmTSM-Mesh

cs.CV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2610.30337

MoRE: Motion-Regularized Encoding for Articulated 3D Generation

Guantian Zheng, Shan Jin, Tim Tso, Hongfei Cai

原文摘要

Generating an articulated object from a single image requires recovering both its appearance and the mechanism governing its parts. A compact encoding of joint attributes does not by itself ensure that reconstruction preserves the resulting motion. We present MoRE, Motion-Regularized Encoding for articulated 3D generation. MoRE represents coordinate-aligned joint lines with axis classification and two axis-orthogonal Plücker moment coefficients, removing the arbitrary choice of an origin along the axis. During representation learning, decoded joint hypotheses are used to move corresponding three-dimensional anchors, and their motions are compared with those of annotated joints. A differentiable expectation over joint types and axis directions couples attribute reconstruction to the motion it induces. An image-conditioned flow learns the resulting functional latents, while a multi-state-adapted Gaussian model supplies appearance. At inference, recovered part assignments and joints articulate a single set of rest-pose Gaussians without regenerating the object for each state. Experiments on PartNet-Mobility and ACD show stronger part-box agreement, articulated-state geometry and visual similarity than the compared baselines, while joint prediction reduces axis, origin and range errors relative to ArtiLatent. Controlled ablations support the joint-line encoding and show that motion supervision reduces anchor-motion error. Code and pretrained checkpoints will be released in the future.

cs.CV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.34606

Learning by Collaborating in the Age of AI: Research Mentorship for Polymathic, Workflow-Centered Science

Tian Zheng

原文摘要

Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing how data-driven research is produced. As AI tools make information and technical execution more accessible, mentorship must concentrate on judgment, ethics, and the design of end-to-end AI-augmented workflows. Disciplinary experts need mentoring to adopt AI while preserving their expertise and human agency, and AI-native research trainees need mentoring to become polymathic workflow developers. This chapter proposes Everyone's Backyard, an interdisciplinary model in which disciplinary experts, trainees, and community partners mentor one another in both directions and across disciplines through shared research practice in a convergence studio. The model centers on four capacities: statistical thinking, data ethics, collaboration, and AI for social good and society. We illustrate the model with the Spring 2026 aiX Faculty Fellows Program at Columbia University, which brought together 20 faculty fellows and 15 student interns from 14 schools and departments. Evaluation data show growth in faculty confidence, intern competence, and cross-disciplinary connection.

cs.CY

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.508ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

Towards Mitigating Modality Bias in Vision-Language Models for Temporal Action Localization

Jiaqi Li, Guangming Wang University of Cambridge, Shuntian Zheng The University of Warwick, Minzhe Ni, Xiaoman Lu, Guanghui Ye Hunan University, Yu Guan University of Warwick

原文摘要

Temporal Action Localization (TAL) requires identifying both the boundaries and categories of actions in untrimmed videos. While vision-language models (VLMs) offer rich semantics to complement visual evidence, existing approaches tend to overemphasize linguistic priors at the expense of visual performance, leading to a pronounced modality bias. We propose ActionVLM, a vision-language aggregation framework that systematically mitigates modality bias in TAL. Our key insight is to preserve vision as the dominant signal while adaptively exploiting language only when beneficial. To this end, we introduce (i) a debiasing reweighting module that estimates the language advantage—the incremental benefit of language over vision-only predictions—and dynamically reweights language modality accordingly, and (ii) a residual aggregation strategy that treats language as a complementary refinement rather than the primary driver. This combination alleviates modality bias, reduces overconfidence from linguistic priors, and strengthens temporal reasoning. Experiments on THUMOS14 show that our model outperforms state-of-the-art by up to 3.2% mAP. Our code is available at https://github.com/JiaqiLi404/ActionVLM

cs.CL · cs.CV

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表