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原文摘要

Helically stranded cables in aerial towing systems experience oblique inflow, but are often modeled as smooth cylinders, neglecting three-dimensional cross-stream coupling and surface texture. We perform large-eddy simulations and spectral proper orthogonal decomposition for a smooth cylinder and four stranded cables at four inclinations from $22.5^\circ$ to $90^\circ$, all stationary, with $Re \approx 1.0 \times 10^4$. Aerodynamic differences are governed mainly by cross-sectional symmetry and strand-scale groove depth. Force-source decomposition shows that surface pressure contributes 94.9%--98.3% of the mean normal force and dominates the mean lateral force. High-symmetry, quasi-circular envelopes maintain balanced circumferential pressure, whereas deep-grooved, low-symmetry tri-lobed geometries produce asymmetric separation and a persistent lateral pressure imbalance. In the wake, high-symmetry cables sustain spanwise-synchronized Karman shedding at moderate-to-high inclinations, concentrating fluctuation energy in a dominant low-rank mode. Deep grooves disrupt shedding coherence, deflect the recirculation zone laterally, and spread energy across broadband scales. Mean lateral force and lateral-force fluctuations are therefore decoupled: the quasi-circular $(1 \times 19)$ cable has minimal mean lateral force but strong periodic fluctuations, while the deep-grooved $(3 \times 7)$ cable has weak fluctuations but appreciable mean lateral force. These results support construction-dependent cable selection and aerodynamic load modeling.