Social annotation platforms such as Perusall and Hypothesis are widely used to support student engagement with course readings, often through required commenting. Yet visible participation does not necessarily produce sustained or substantive peer exchange. Analyzing six weeks of Perusall activity from a graduate course (2,873 comments), we found that participation was often fragmented: 53.5% of comments received no reply, 38.3% were posted within the final 12 hours before the deadline, and over one-third of a double-coded sample went no further than repeating or agreeing with the reading or a peer. Interviews pointed to two linked difficulties: locating a discussion worth entering and contributing something that meaningfully advances it. We present Lookover, an AI-assisted annotation system that scaffolds both stages without writing for students. Discussion Overview helps students identify active themes and relevant threads, while Spark Thinking poses questions that encourage them to move beyond reaction and restatement toward questioning, extending, and substantively responding to peers. A preliminary study with five participants found Discussion Overview valuable for those who noticed it, while the usefulness of Spark Thinking depended on how much a participant already knew about the topic.
Zhaoyuan Su, Olatunji Ruwase, Karthik Ganesan, Aurick Qiao, Samyam Rajbhandari, Juncheng Yang, Yue Cheng, Yuxiong He
Production LLM workloads increasingly serve discriminative tasks, such as classification, recommendation, and verification, whose answers are read from the logits of a single prefill pass with no autoregressive decoding. Serving these prefill-only workloads on mixture-of-experts (MoE) models is bottlenecked not by compute but by the distributed execution required to fit the model: existing parallel strategies (tensor, expert, and pipeline parallelism) trade memory pressure for redundant computation, communication, and synchronization, severely degrading MoE prefill serving efficiency. We observe that these overheads stem from coupling expert placement with synchronous activation routing -- a design inherited from the decoding era. The long, compute-bound forward passes of large-batch prefill open a per-layer window wide enough to stream expert weights in the background, replacing per-layer activation AllToAll with asynchronous weight AllGather fully overlapped with computation. We propose ZeRO-Prefill, a prefill-only serving system built on this idea. Its backend, AsyncEP (Asynchronous Expert Parallelism), gathers experts by weight rather than by activation; its co-designed frontend enforces a physically derived saturation threshold through prefix-aware routing and true-FLOPs load tracking. On Qwen3-235B-A22B across four hardware/precision configurations, ZeRO-Prefill delivers 1.34-1.37x throughput over the strongest distributed baseline on real-world workloads and up to 1.59x on long-context synthetic workloads, sustaining 29.8-36.2% per-GPU model FLOPs utilization.
Yeqi Huang, Yue Chen, Yanwei Ye University of Edinburgh, University of Edinburgh, Guanhao Su, Luo Mai University of Edinburgh
General-purpose VLMs remain unreliable for biomedical research because valid answers in scientific papers depend on evidence split across figures, tables, charts, captions, and referring text.Existing post-training pipelines are bottlenecked by costly expert annotation and by synthetic data that drops this evidence structure.We present Ryze, a fully automated system that converts raw biomedical papers into an evidence-enriched training set and a domain-specialized VLM.Ryze synthesizes QA pairs with complete supporting evidence (visual element, caption, extracted structure, and referring paragraphs), reduces layout and OCR errors via chart/table-aware extraction and LLM-based cleansing, and applies a two-stage post-training strategy combining supervised fine-tuning with reinforcement learning.Starting from Qwen3-VL-8B, Ryze produces BioVLM-8B at under $200, achieving 48.0% weighted accuracy on LAB-Bench—outperforming the base model by +12.6% and surpassing GPT-5.2 by +3.8%.We release Ryze as open source together with the trained BioVLM-8B model.
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cs.CL
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 3: System Demonstrations) · 2026 · 正式发表
Huilin Deng, Hongchen Luo Northeastern University, Yue Zhu, Long Li, Zhuoyue Chen Alibaba, Xinghao Zhao, Ming LI Hithink RoyalFlush Information Network Co.,Ltd., Chuyang Zhao Baidu 等 12 位作者
Despite recent advances in Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) for large language model (LLM) reasoning, most methods suffer from exploration collapse, as the semantic homogeneity of random rollouts traps models in narrow, over-optimized behaviors. Existing methods leverage policy entropy to encourage exploration, but face inherent limitations: global entropy regularization is susceptible to reward hacking, inducing meaningless verbosity, whereas local token-selective updates struggle with the strong inductive bias of pre-trained models. To this end, we propose Latent Policy Optimization via Iterative Information Bottleneck ( I²B-LPO), which shifts from statistical perturbation of token distributions to topological branching of reasoning trajectories. I²BLPO triggers latent branching at high-entropy states to diversify reasoning trajectories and applies the Information Bottleneck as a trajectory filter and self-reward to ensure concise and informative exploration. Empirical results on four mathematical benchmarks demonstrate that I²B-LPO achieves state-of-the-art performance, with margins of up to 5.3% in accuracy and 7.4% in diversity metrics. Code is available at https://github.com/denghuilin-cyber/IIB-LPO.
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cs.CL
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表
Jiawei Cao, Jie Ouyang University of Science and Technology of China, Mingyue Cheng University of Science and Technology of China, Zhaomeng Zhou, Chunli Liu Hefei University of Technology, Yupeng Li University of Science and Technology of China, Zirui Liu, Shijin Wang State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a mainstream approach to mitigating hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs), yet in dynamic real-world scenarios, such as weather forecasting or evolving news events, existing retrievers suffer from both temporal-semantic misalignment and outdated-document interference. To address this, we propose Relevance Recency Retrieval (Re^3), a novel framework that mitigates temporal hallucinations via two core components: a Time-Aware Dual Relevance Encoder that embeds heterogeneous temporal signals into the semantic space to ensure retrieval fidelity, and a Conflict-Aware Recency Filter that performs listwise arbitration to identify and suppress obsolete factual versions. To rigorously evaluate this setting, we introduce Re^2 Bench, a large-scale benchmark comprising over 1.3 million instances designed to assess system robustness in realistic environments where temporal constraints and conflicting factual versions coexist. Experiments on three public benchmarks and Re^2 Bench demonstrate that Re^3 consistently outperforms the strongest baselines by an average of 9.7% in generation accuracy, with gains of up to 25.2% on challenging dynamic tasks, while demonstrating robustness across diverse RAG settings.
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cs.CL
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表
Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide range of natural language processing tasks, yet their performance remains heavily biased toward high-resource languages. Tibetan, despite its cultural significance and large speaker population, is still substantially underrepresented. In this work, we present a comprehensive pipeline for advancing Tibetan language modeling through large-scale data curation and continual pre-training. We construct a 72 GB high-quality Tibetan corpus, the largest to date, and adapt Qwen2.5-7B through balanced multilingual continual pre-training with Tibetan, Chinese, and English, followed by multilingual instruction tuning. To further scale capacity efficiently, we extend the dense model to a 50B-A10B Mixture-of-Experts architecture. Due to the absence of standardized Tibetan benchmarks, we build multiple evaluation datasets via high-quality translation and human verification. Experimental results show that both dense and MoE models consistently outperform existing open-source and Tibetan-focused models of similar scale across diverse tasks. Our work advances Tibetan-centric LLM research and provides transferable insights for extending LLMs to other low-resource languages. We will release the model weights, evaluation benchmarks, and detailed data processing documentation in the follow-up.
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cs.CL
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表