Empowering Tabular Data Preparation with Language Models: Why and How?
Mengshi Chen, Yuxiang Sun, Tengchao Li Shanghai Jiaotong University, Jianwei Wang University of New South Wales, Kai Wang Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Xuemin Lin Shanghai Jiaotong University, Ying Zhang University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Wenjie Zhang the university of new south wales
Data preparation is a critical step in enhancing the usability of tabular data and thus boosts downstream data-driven tasks. Traditional methods often face challenges in capturing the intricate relationships within tables and adapting to the tasks involved. Recent advances in Language Models (LMs), especially in Large Language Models (LLMs), offer new opportunities to automate and support tabular data preparation. However, why LMs suit tabular data preparation (i.e., how their capabilities match task demands) and how to use them effectively across phases still remain to be systematically explored. In this survey, we systematically analyze the role of LMs in enhancing tabular data preparation processes, focusing on four core phases: data acquisition, integration, cleaning, and transformation. For each phase, we present an integrated analysis of how LMs can be combined with other components for different preparation tasks, highlight key advancements, and outline prospective pipelines.
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Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表