UniPCH: A Unified Framework for Cross-Chain Payments via Payment Channel Hubs
Yuanming Shao, Yuming Feng, Weizhe Zhang, Bin Xiao, Song Guo, Zejun Wang
Payment channel hubs (PCHs) enable private cross-chain payments, but existing protocols remain difficult to extend across heterogeneous blockchains. Their payment flows often depend on how particular blockchains represent transactions, authorize channel updates, and settle balances. Some protocols do not explain how their channels are implemented on actual blockchains. Supporting a new ledger or execution model requires a corresponding channel realization and may also require protocol adaptation and security analysis. We present UniPCH, a framework with two layers that separates native channel execution from private cross-chain payment logic. The lower UniPC layer defines common state transitions and security requirements. It separates task authorization from confirmation of the complete channel state. We provide realizations for UTXO ledgers and account ledgers that support smart contracts. At the upper layer, we develop selective re-signing blind conditional signatures (S-RBCS) to coordinate conditional authorization across hubs. Using S-RBCS, we construct a payment protocol that coordinates different channels in four phases. Our analysis establishes local UniPC security, griefing resistance, economic atomicity, and session unlinkability. We implement a Go prototype and evaluate the running time and bandwidth of each phase under different network conditions and system parameters. Results show modest computational overhead from the common interfaces. Most evaluated configurations run faster than comparable schemes under network delay. A full refresh ablation shows that reusing valid task evidence reduces computation and communication costs in the account realization.
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