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新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.08106

Cleaning or Recalling? Knowledge Dependence in LLM-based Data Cleaning [Experiment, Analysis & Benchmark]

Jingru Yang, Honglu Zhang, Jiayi Mi, Ju Fan, Zheng Chen, Xiaoyong Du

原文摘要

High scores on public data-cleaning benchmarks can reflect knowledge of familiar entities, making it difficult to assess how well an LLM repairs unfamiliar data. We present CoRE (Cleaning or Recalling), a protocol comparing public benchmarks with fresh real records and paired name surrogates built from English words or syllables. The surrogates retain error positions and non-identity values while transferring the benchmark's error mechanisms. Across 21 controlled tables and eight LLMs, repair performance varies substantially with entity names on Hospital and, for commercial models, Movies. Renaming removes some information needed for repair, such as a film's identifier mapping. It also affects repairs whose candidates remain available: replacing entity names with word-based surrogates lowers DeepSeek-V4-Pro's year accuracy from 91% to 18%. On Hospital and Movies, commercial models score higher on fresh records than on word-based surrogates. A screened continuation probe finds no positive evidence of benchmark-row memory in the tested models. Familiar facts can conflict with the task. Even with explicit table-evidence instructions, commercial models rewrite assigned directors at rates of 0.000-0.404 on known films. Reference scoring can also disagree with external records. On Rayyan, an ISSN correction matching a title-matched PubMed record receives no credit, whereas 94% of TabClean's credited repairs reproduce the reference date transformation. We provide controlled tables, scoring code and materials for offline replay.

cs.DB

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2510.04066

QuantDemoire: Quantization with Outlier Aware for Image Demoiréing

Zheng Chen, Kewei Zhang, Xiaoyang Liu, Weihang Zhang, Mengfan Wang, Yifan Fu, Yulun Zhang

原文摘要

Demoiréing aims to remove moiré artifacts that often occur in images. While recent deep learning-based methods have achieved promising results, they typically require substantial computational resources, limiting their deployment on edge devices. Model quantization offers a compelling solution. However, directly applying existing quantization methods to demoiréing models introduces severe performance degradation. The main reasons are distribution outliers and weakened representations in smooth regions. To address these issues, we propose QuantDemoire, a post-training quantization framework tailored to demoiréing. It contains two key components. First, we introduce an outlier-aware quantizer to reduce errors from outliers. It uses sampling-based range estimation to reduce activation outliers and keeps a few extreme weights in FP16 with negligible cost. Second, we design a frequency-aware calibration strategy. It emphasizes low- and mid-frequency components during fine-tuning, which mitigates banding artifacts caused by low-bit quantization. Experiments validate that our QuantDemoire achieves large reductions in parameters and computation while maintaining quality. Meanwhile, it outperforms existing quantization methods by over 4 dB on W4A4. We implement a CUDA kernel for the mixed-precision branch and achieve a 2.3$\times$ end-to-end speedup on an RTX 4090 GPU. Code is released at: https://github.com/zhengchen1999/QuantDemoire.

cs.CV

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.06524

Distributed Consensus, Optimization, and Learning under Communication Constraints

Zheng Chen, Nicolò Michelusi, Themistoklis Charalambous, Kaibin Huang

原文摘要

Many modern engineering applications require distributed problem-solving in which multiple nodes in a network cooperate to achieve a common optimization objective. Numerous distributed optimization and learning algorithms rely on consensus-based distributed coordination to ensure network-wide agreement via iterative local interactions. In these algorithms, the accuracy, frequency, and reliability of information exchange among network nodes directly influence system performance, including convergence behavior, training delay, and model accuracy. This tutorial article adopts a bottom-up approach to present the fundamentals of consensus averaging and distributed optimization methods, and highlights the impact of network connectivity, information flow, and communication uncertainty on network cooperation and optimization performance. Building on these theoretical insights, we discuss key design principles for communication-constrained distributed learning across diverse network topologies and review common approaches to communication-efficient learning, particularly in wireless networks. Despite substantial progress, further efforts are needed to bridge the gap between theory and practice and fully realize the potential of cooperative and networked intelligence.

cs.IT · cs.DC · eess.SP

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.03378

Non-Coherent Over-the-Air Distributed Consensus: Algorithm Design and Power Control Optimization

Yuhang Deng, Zheng Chen, Erik G. Larsson

原文摘要

Non-coherent over-the-air (NCOTA) aggregation offers a scalable and communication-efficient approach to distributed average consensus in wireless networks, without requiring instantaneous channel state information (CSI) or phase alignment. However, persistent aggregation errors pose fundamental challenges in achieving exact average consensus under nominal distributed averaging protocols. In this paper, we develop an NCOTA consensus framework that accommodates row-stochastic mixing, without requiring the conventional average-preservation property of doubly stochastic mixing matrices. Building on a distributed optimization formulation of average consensus, we propose a decentralized projected gradient descent with row-stochastic mixing (DPGD-RS) algorithm and establish its mean-square convergence to the exact average of the agents' initial states. We further derive a closed-form upper bound on the mean-square consensus error, characterizing the effects of aggregation uncertainty, network connectivity, and mixing imbalance. Guided by this analysis, we propose a spectral-reshaping power control (SR-PC) scheme that jointly optimizes transmit powers and receive-scaling factors to accelerate convergence by balancing aggregation accuracy and network mixing. Numerical results validate the theoretical convergence guarantees and demonstrate that the proposed power control scheme significantly accelerates convergence compared with full-power transmission and spectral-radius-minimization benchmarks.

cs.IT · eess.SP · eess.SY

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.01582

Measuring User Success in Randomized Search Experiments: Interpreting Good Abandonment in Generative AI Search

Minha Hwang, Shavak Agrawal, David Chen, Carto Wong, Xin Du, Tiannan Wang, Georg Buscher, Zheng Chen

原文摘要

Randomized search experiments increasingly evaluate experiences in which large language models answer information needs directly on the results page. Click status alone cannot identify success: a click may lead to an unsatisfactory result, while no click may indicate successful answer consumption, or "good abandonment." Prior research has shown that good abandonment is difficult to detect because dwell, scrolling, and reformulation are meaningful only in context. We present Session Success Rate (SSR), a human-grounded, interpretable outcome metric designed for online controlled experiments. Trained judges label complete session experiences using privacy-protected interaction evidence and video recordings; these offline labels train models scored online from query events, viewport behavior, result-page interactions, and semantic reformulations. Out-of-sample evaluation on 6,904 labeled queries yields 0.75 balanced accuracy overall and 0.68 within abandoned queries; session-level balanced accuracy is 0.68. The sample shows why interaction status is not an adequate outcome: 53.2% of abandonments were successful and 6.5% of clicked queries were unsuccessful. In a validation portfolio of seven ranking and five non-ranking experiments, SSR agreed with Sessions per User in seven cases, was inconclusive in four, and disagreed in one under a common p < 0.05 rule. Separately, across approximately 4,000 production experiments, SSR produced about 2.5 times the binary sensitivity of Sessions per User; in the studied workflow, this supported lower traffic allocations and greater experiment throughput under a fixed traffic budget.

cs.IR

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.40349

TouchBridge：面向灵巧操作、以触觉为条件的人到机器人迁移

TouchBridge: Tactile-Conditioned Human-to-Robot Transfer for Dexterous Manipulation

Haozhe Zhang, Gu Zhang, Zirui Zou, Yuzheng Chen, Jinlong Wu, Zixuan Hu, Jianke Zhang, Yucheng Hu 等 10 位作者

AI 速读 基于摘要

TouchBridge 通过软硬件协同设计与触觉条件重定向，把人类演示直接转换为机器人训练数据，用于微调 VLA 模型完成接触丰富操作。

cs.RO

arXiv ↗PDF ↗
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Human demonstrations offer an efficient and scalable source of data for dexterous robot manipulation, but differences in sensing and hand morphology complicate the transfer of contact-rich interactions. We present TouchBridge, a hardware--software co-designed framework for human-to-robot data transformation. A wearable human demonstration interface and a corresponding robot interface establish cross-embodiment correspondence in visual and fingertip tactile sensing. We introduce Tac-Retarget, a tactile-conditioned retargeting method that uses measured contact to align fingertip contact patches and preserve their spatial relations within and across hands. Unlike object-aware or simulation-based transfer pipelines, Tac-Retarget requires no object mesh, object-pose estimate, or physics simulation for retargeting, enabling direct and scalable conversion of human demonstrations into robot-domain training data. Combined with visual synthesis and camera-anchored action conversion, TouchBridge produces robot-domain demonstrations for fine-tuning a pretrained vision-language-action (VLA) model. Across four real-world contact-rich tasks, policies fine-tuned solely on TouchBridge-converted human demonstrations achieve a 72.5% average success rate, compared with 77.5% using an equal number of teleoperated robot demonstrations, while human demonstration collection is 7.0x faster. Under the same policy and training setup, Tac-Retarget outperforms DexPilot and UniDex by 25.0 and 42.5 percentage points, respectively.

新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.35333

RepoTrace: Improving Requirement Tracing in Multi-Round Agent Interactions

Huanyu Liu, Yezheng Cheng, Jinliang You, Tianxiao Huang, Linyu Li, Zheng Fang, Peng Cao, Ge Li

原文摘要

Code agents have become increasingly capable of performing software engineering tasks through interaction with software environments. However, agents tend to degrade as the number of interaction rounds increases, making it difficult to maintain existing software during iterative modification. We analyze 2,656 agent trajectories in EvoCode-Bench and identify requirement focus misalignment as a recurring failure pattern, where agents struggle to distinguish the primary modification targets of a requirement from unrelated code. We propose Repotrace a requirement-driven repository understanding harness that combines repository structure with requirement semantics to construct a requirement-code correspondence and injects it into the agent context. This correspondence enables code agents to follow the repository architecture, trace requirements across multi-round interactions, and identify the core code elements corresponding to the current requirement. Experiments show that Repotrace improves the mean per-round reward (MPR) across different models (e.g., +19.99 on GLM-5.2) and agent harnesses (e.g., +10.22 on Claude Code). Across rounds, Repotrace increases the average per-round reward from 0.163 to 0.371 on Terminus-2 with DeepSeek-V4-Pro, while reducing average regression errors by 56.78%. We release the source code and agents' trajectories to support future research.

cs.SE · cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.1126ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

Good Arguments Against the People Pleasers: How Reasoning Mitigates (Yet Masks) LLM Sycophancy

Zhaoxin Feng, Zheng Chen Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Jianfei Ma, Yip Tin Po, Emmanuele Chersoni The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Bo Li

原文摘要

Alignment techniques often inadvertently induce sycophancy in LLMs. While prior studies studied this behaviour in direct-answer settings, the role of Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning remains under-explored: does it serve as a logical constraint that mitigates sycophancy, or a tool for post-hoc rationalization that masks it? We evaluate a range of models across objective and subjective tasks to investigate the issue.Results show that reasoning generally reduces sycophancy in final decisions but also masks sycophancy in some samples, where models construct deceptive justifications through logical inconsistencies, calculation errors, and one-sided arguments etc. Furthermore, LLMs are more prone to sycophancy in subjective tasks and under authority-bias. Our mechanistic analysis reveals that the tendency of sycophancy in LLMs is dynamic during the reasoning process rather than being pre-determined at the input.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.995ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

Traffic-R1: Reinforced LLMs Bring Human-Like Reasoning to Traffic Signal Control Systems

Xingchen Zou, Yuhao Yang, Zheng Chen pcitech, Xixuan Hao, Yiqi Chen, Chao Huang University of Hong Kong, Yuxuan Liang The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)

原文摘要

We introduce Traffic-R1, a 3B-parameter foundation model with human-like reasoning for Traffic signal control (TSC), developed via self-exploration and iterative reinforcement of LLM with expert guidance in a simulated traffic environment. Compared with traditional reinforcement learning and recent LLM-based methods, Traffic-R1 offers three main advantages: zero-shot generalization, transferring unchanged to new road networks and out-of-distribution incidents by leveraging internal traffic-control policies and reasoning; a compact 3B-parameter design that supports real-time inference on mobile-class chips for edge deployment; and an explainable TSC process that enables multi-intersection coordination through communication and an asynchronous communication network. Extensive benchmarks show Traffic-R1 outperforms strong baselines and training-intensive RL controllers. In production, the model now manages signals affecting over 55,000 drivers daily, reduces average queue lengths by more than 5%, and halves operator workload. We will open source our checkpoint and code to foster further research.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表

新论文 · v1arXiv:2601.21096Google DeepMind

Magellan: Autonomous Discovery of Novel Compiler Optimization Heuristics with AlphaEvolve

Hongzheng Chen, Alexander Novikov, Ngân Vũ, Hanna Alam, Zhiru Zhang, Aiden Grossman, Mircea Trofin, Amir Yazdanbakhsh

原文摘要

Modern compilers rely on hand-crafted heuristics to guide optimization passes. These human-designed rules often struggle to adapt to the complexity of modern software and hardware and lead to high maintenance burden. To address this challenge, we present Magellan, an agentic framework that evolves the compiler pass itself by synthesizing executable C++ decision logic. Magellan couples an LLM coding agent with evolutionary search and autotuning in a closed loop of generation, evaluation on user-provided macro-benchmarks, and refinement, producing compact heuristics that integrate directly into existing compilers. Across several production optimization tasks, Magellan discovers policies that match or surpass expert baselines. In LLVM function inlining, Magellan synthesizes new heuristics that outperform decades of manual engineering for both binary-size reduction and end-to-end performance. In register allocation, it learns a concise priority rule for live-range processing that matches intricate human-designed policies on a large-scale workload. We also report preliminary results on XLA problems, demonstrating portability beyond LLVM with reduced engineering effort.

cs.AI · cs.LG · cs.PL

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗