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原文摘要

Diffusion-based generative modeling has emerged as a general computational framework for simulating high-dimensional, structured data across various domains. Understanding its generative mechanisms is paramount for advancing model training and inference in a principled way. Here, we demonstrate that deterministic sampling trajectories share a universal geometric structure invariant to data modalities and diffusion model implementations. This structure can be largely explained by an exactly solvable model based on the optimal linear denoiser.