GRUFF: LLM Pronoun Fidelity, Reasoning, and Biases in German
Fabian Mewes, Anne Lauscher, Vagrant Gautam
原文摘要
Third-person singular pronouns have long been used to study stereotypical biases in language models and to test their abilities to reason about reference. More recently, the interplay between reasoning and bias has been investigated with the task of pronoun fidelity, which assesses models' abilities to correctly reuse a previously-specified pronoun for a discourse entity, independent of other potentially distracting discourse entities mentioned in between. However, such research focuses on English, a language with limited grammatical gender and almost no gender agreement. In this paper we contribute a novel, large-scale dataset, GRUFF, to measure pronoun fidelity in German, covering four different gender agreement systems in nouns, and four sets of pronouns. With this dataset, we show that LLMs display strong grammatical agreement for masculine and feminine entities in the absence of explicit context, but not for neopronouns xier and en. In the presence of distractors, however, models degrade on all pronoun sets. Finally, we show that occupational stereotypes in this context are poorly correlated across grammatical cases and most models, except ones with closely related architectures.
cs.CL