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新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.05372

PolicyIK:基于强化学习的机械臂高精度逆运动学

PolicyIK: High-Precision Inverse Kinematics for Robot Arms with Reinforcement Learning

Yuhan Liu, Xinqi Liu, Zixuan Dong, Keith W. Ross, Shenji Wan

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作者提出一种目标条件强化学习策略 PolicyIK,用姿态反馈更新关节位置参考,以追求机械臂高精度逆运动学。

cs.RO · cs.LG

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Inverse kinematics (IK) converts end-effector pose commands into joint motion, and many vision-language-action (VLA) policies rely on it to act on a given arm and to transfer across embodiments. Precise IK remains laborious: redundancy and singularities complicate the inverse mapping, execution depends on hand-tuned controllers, and training data on physical robots are costly to collect. We present PolicyIK, a goal-conditioned reinforcement learning policy for high-precision IK. It updates joint-position references from pose feedback and observes its accumulated reference relative to the measured joints, so it can retain the offset that the position controller needs at rest. Two-scale pose errors with an error-dependent action gain resolve millimeter residuals while preserving large motions. Progress and dwell rewards teach it to both reach the tolerance and stay within it. In simulation, a single attempt by the trained PPO policy keeps the mean errors over the final second within 1 mm and 0.2° on 93.5% of held-out tasks, and a deployment protocol raises success to 98.9%. When trained directly on a physical arm with an off-policy RL learner, PolicyIK achieves higher reaching and holding success than all four classical IK controllers under the same time budgets. In simulated pick-and-place, PolicyIK executes the end-effector commands of the $π_{0.5}$ VLA policy with 95.7% success. These results show that reinforcement learning can provide high-precision inverse kinematics for robot arms. Code is available at https://github.com/Tinaliu0123/PolicyIK.