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新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.15639

ChJGBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Chinese Legal Judgment Generation with Diagnostic Evaluation

Yinghao Hu, Linggang Kong, Qian Xiao, Yuting Huang, Yunlong Zhang, Yujie Zhang, Yiquan Wu, Fei Duan 等 12 位作者

原文摘要

With the rapid development of LLMs, increasing attention has been paid to whether they can reliably generate complete and legally valid judicial documents. This calls for a benchmark capable of evaluating whether models can accurately apply statutes and resolve outcome-critical issues, including claims, charges, penalties, and monetary obligations. However, existing benchmarks typically focus on isolated legal tasks or coarse-grained evaluation. We introduce ChJGBench, a benchmark for generating the reasoning and dispositive sections of Chinese judgments across civil, criminal, and administrative cases. Built from 3,462 real-world judgments, ChJGBench provides a case-type-aware diagnostic evaluation framework comprising 13 metric types and adopts a hybrid paradigm. Experiments reveal no uniform advantage for legal-domain models over general-purpose models, with model strengths varying across diagnostic dimensions. Performance is generally stronger on criminal cases, while civil and administrative cases continue to present substantial challenges.

cs.CL

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.15346

Towards Better Legal Reasoning LLMs: Signal Balancing and Reward Scheduling

Yinghao Hu, Qian Xiao, Yuting Huang, Kaisong Song, Yiquan Wu, Ang Li, Junjie Cao, Jun Lin 等 10 位作者

原文摘要

In the legal domain, LLMs can improve reliability and interpretability by generating explicit reasoning traces. However, training LLMs to produce high-quality reasoning traces remains challenging. Existing supervised fine-tuning methods struggle when reasoning traces are significantly longer than final answers, as the learning signal for the answer becomes diluted. Meanwhile, reinforcement learning methods such as Group Relative Policy Optimization also have several limitations, including costly reward design, performance plateaus, and reward hacking. We therefore propose a two-stage training framework. In Stage I, JurisCoT-SFT employs a length-normalized dual objective to balance learning signals between reasoning traces and final answers. In Stage II, Lifecycle-Aware Backtrackable Policy Optimization dynamically evaluates and retires auxiliary reward signals based on their impact on final evaluation objectives, enabling efficient reward utilization. Our framework substantially improves legal reasoning performance on relevant tasks selected from multiple legal benchmarks, including ChJGBench, LawBench, and LegalBench. Experimental results demonstrate consistent improvements in both reasoning trace quality and final answer accuracy, while our models remain competitive with larger models.

cs.CL