arXiv:2604.10669 · v3

A Linear Temporal Logic of Frequencies on Series of Events

首次提交 2026-04-12 22:52

版本更新 2026-11-02 02:05

雷达观测 2026-11-04 23:43

摘要

This paper introduces LTLFS, a linear temporal logic for reasoning about frequencies in finite series of probabilistic events. The logic conservatively extends linear temporal logic over finite traces with measure-sensitive operators that compare the empirical distribution observed at any point in a series with an independently specified target distribution. Its semantics integrates the actual sequence of events, the probability distribution governing individual outcomes, and the set of finite assignments compatible with the target frequency. This supports two complementary tasks: verifying whether an observed partial distribution is compatible with the benchmark, and predicting whether and with what probability the completed series can still satisfy it. The language can express observed and attainable frequencies, the probability of realizing a desired final distribution, and conditional probabilities for subsequent outcomes under the assumption that the benchmark is met. We establish formal properties of the operators and characterize their interaction with the temporal structure. A running example concerning representational fairness in sequential outputs from a generative AI system illustrates how the framework can distinguish temporary deviations from irrecoverable violations and support early, logically interpretable intervention. LTLFS thereby provides a symbolic foundation for runtime monitoring of evolving quantitative requirements, with applications to explainable and responsible AI.