← 研踪 PaperTrailarXiv:2611.02044 · v2
Unified Loss-Aware Density Control for 3D Gaussian Splatting
首次提交 2026-11-02 00:47
版本更新 2026-11-03 13:22
雷达观测 2026-11-04 23:40
摘要
The efficiency and fidelity of 3D Gaussian Splatting critically depend on adaptive density control, which grows and suppresses Gaussian primitives throughout optimization. However, the standard pipeline still relies on heuristic view-space gradients, scale thresholds, and global opacity resets, rather than explicitly assessing the loss-reducing effect of each split, clone, or opacity update. This mismatch can allocate primitives to already-sufficient regions, miss under-reconstructed structures, and destabilize training through blanket opacity changes. In this work, we recast adaptive density control as a collection of local loss-reduction decisions. We derive efficient Taylor-based per-Gaussian surrogates that predict the objective change caused by three primitive-level operations: splitting, cloning, and opacity decay. This yields a unified loss-aware framework with three components. First, we extend second-order splitting to a normalized joint position-scale space, enabling children to adapt not only their locations but also their anisotropic extents. Second, we formulate duplicate cloning as a surrogate minimization problem, selecting only Gaussians whose duplicated contribution is predicted to improve reconstruction and assigning each child a principled opacity. Third, we replace global opacity reset with selective soft opacity decay that weakens harmful primitives while preserving useful ones. Across standard 3DGS benchmarks, our method produces more targeted primitive allocation and achieves improved rendering quality with comparable or smaller Gaussian budgets compared to baselines.
作者备注：Accepted to NeurIPS 2026
观测到的版本
相邻记录可能跳过中间版本；首次发现 v2 及以上也会标为版本更新。
v2 · 2026-11-03 13:22 · 最新观测版本
Unified Loss-Aware Density Control for 3D Gaussian Splatting
The efficiency and fidelity of 3D Gaussian Splatting critically depend on adaptive density control, which grows and suppresses Gaussian primitives throughout optimization. However, the standard pipeline still relies on heuristic view-space gradients, scale thresholds, and global opacity resets, rather than explicitly assessing the loss-reducing effect of each split, clone, or opacity update. This mismatch can allocate primitives to already-sufficient regions, miss under-reconstructed structures, and destabilize training through blanket opacity changes. In this work, we recast adaptive density control as a collection of local loss-reduction decisions. We derive efficient Taylor-based per-Gaussian surrogates that predict the objective change caused by three primitive-level operations: splitting, cloning, and opacity decay. This yields a unified loss-aware framework with three components. First, we extend second-order splitting to a normalized joint position-scale space, enabling children to adapt not only their locations but also their anisotropic extents. Second, we formulate duplicate cloning as a surrogate minimization problem, selecting only Gaussians whose duplicated contribution is predicted to improve reconstruction and assigning each child a principled opacity. Third, we replace global opacity reset with selective soft opacity decay that weakens harmful primitives while preserving useful ones. Across standard 3DGS benchmarks, our method produces more targeted primitive allocation and achieves improved rendering quality with comparable or smaller Gaussian budgets compared to baselines.
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