arXiv:2611.09497 · v1

Hardness of Unique Shortest Vectors and Bounded Distance Decoding

首次提交 2026-11-06 22:18

版本更新 2026-11-06 22:18

雷达观测 2026-11-09 13:22

摘要

We prove randomized NP-hardness of the unique shortest vector problem (uSVP) at every constant uniqueness factor greater than one, and of bounded distance decoding (BDD) at every fixed positive fraction less than one half of the minimum distance, in both their threshold decision and search versions. Both results hold in every fixed $\ell_p$ norm with $1\le p<\infty$. Previous Euclidean NP-hardness results for the search versions reached uniqueness factors tending to one and decoding radii greater than the minimum distance divided by $\sqrt2$. For linear codes over every fixed finite field and each fixed ${0<ρ\le1/2}$, the decision version of BDD with radius strictly less than $ρ$ times the minimum distance is equivalent under deterministic polynomial-time reductions to satisfiability for circuits promised to have at most one satisfying input. It is therefore NP-hard under randomized polynomial-time reductions. Earlier hardness for decoding general codes applied beyond half the minimum distance. For every fixed $p>2$ and for $p=\infty$, there is a constant $ε>0$ such that, under randomized polynomial-time reductions, uSVP in the $\ell_p$ norm is NP-hard at uniqueness factor $n^ε$, and BDD in the $\ell_p$ norm is NP-hard at radius $λ_1/n^ε$, where $n$ is the lattice rank and $λ_1$ is its minimum distance.