面向地球观测的LLM智能体
Towards LLM Agents for Earth Observation
Chia Hsiang Kao, Wenting Zhao, Cheryl Lam, Aarush Umap, Shreelekha Revankar, Samuel Speas, Snehal Bhagat, Rajeev Datta 等 13 位作者
AI 速览：作者构建了基于NASA地球观测文章与Google Earth Engine的编码基准UnivEARTH，发现零样本LLM智能体在地球观测问答上准确率仅40.0%，使用Reflexion后提升至约60%，但仍仅略高于随机水平。
Earth Observation (EO) provides critical planetary data for environmental monitoring, disaster management, climate science, and other scientific domains. In this work we ask: Are AI systems ready for reliable Earth Observation? To answer this, we introduce UnivEARTH, a coding benchmark of 408 yes/no questions from NASA Earth Observatory articles across 7 various topics and over 15 satellite instruments and sources. Using Google Earth Engine API as a tool in a zero-shot setup, LLM agents achieve an accuracy of 40.0% where the code fails to run over 44% of the time. To better understand LLM agent behavior, we also analyze the impact of using the JavaScript API versus Python and the effect of providing documentation. Furthermore, we find that using a Reflexion framework significantly reduces errors: Claude-4.5-Sonnet, Gemini-2.5-Pro, and GPT-5 accuracies rise to around 60%. However, these results remain only marginally above random chance. Taken together, our findings identify significant challenges to be solved before AI agents can automate earth observation, and suggest paths forward.