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新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.04921

PROSE: Preservation-Constrained Selective Editing for Guilty Bias in Legal Judgment Prediction

Yimeng Wang, Zeyuan Tian, Xinyu Wang, Danyang Gao, Chenglei Shen, Zhongxiang Sun, Lei La, Weijie Yu

原文摘要

Legal judgment prediction models may retain a guilty verdict after a legally decisive condition has been altered such that the specified charge is no longer established. We study this guilty bias via selective repair over matched charge-established and charge-not-established cases, where the unsupported verdict should change while its supported counterpart remains stable. We construct CAIL-MC, a legally reviewed dataset of 11,478 matched pairs covering 261 Chinese criminal charges. Held-out activation interventions show that contrasts learned from correctly resolved pairs transfer to false-guilty cases, but target-reaching interventions can also damage matched supported-guilty decisions. Motivated by this observation, we introduce PROSE, which reconstructs case-specific targets from a training-derived residual geometry, aligns them with a local margin-descent signal, attenuates supported-guilty-sensitive components, and realizes bounded targets through a preservation-regularized low-rank parameter update. Across Qwen3-8B and GLM4-9B, PROSE achieves stronger pairwise safe repair and evidence sensitivity, while preserving standard single-pass inference.

cs.CL

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.03189

MoSoLoco: Monocular 3D Human Localization through Visual Latent Features and Social Context

Yasamin Borhani, Javad Khoramdel, Yang Gao, Po-Chien Luan, Alexandre Alahi

原文摘要

Estimating the metric 3D position of people from a monocular camera is important for robot navigation and motion prediction. Lightweight pose-based localizers are attractive for robotic hardware with limited computational resources because they operate on compact 2D keypoints. However, they typically discard the richer visual representations computed by the pose estimator. We introduce MoSoLoco, a per-frame monocular 3D human localizer that combines the pose detector's internal visual features with the detected 2D skeleton, without requiring an additional RGB or depth encoder. MoSoLoco can further incorporate sparse same-frame multi-person context to refine individual position estimates. Experiments on JRDB and NuScenes show that reusing pose-detector representations improves localization, reducing the best JRDB error by approximately 23 percent relative to the strongest evaluated keypoint-based baseline. A sparse social-interaction module incorporates nearby detections from the same image for further refinement. Controlled trajectory-forecasting experiments show downstream benefits, while the complete pipeline remains suitable for efficient Jetson AGX Xavier inference.

cs.CV · cs.RO

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2606.22174

OpenHLM: An Empirical Recipe for Whole-Body Humanoid Loco-Manipulation

Yingdong Hu, Haodong Zhu, Boyuan Zheng, Yihang Hu, Tong Zhang, Zunhao Chen, Junming Zhao, Ruiqian Nai 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Whole-body humanoid loco-manipulation requires coordinating the robot's entire kinematic chain. However, most existing systems typically decouple the upper and lower bodies into separate controllers, limiting such coordination and yielding behaviors similar to those of a wheeled dual-arm platform. In this paper, we ask what it takes to build a whole-body native vision-language-action (VLA) model that maps language and pixels directly to all of the humanoid's degrees of freedom. We conduct a systematic empirical study organized as a roadmap of one-variable-at-a-time experiments across three phases: whole-body teleoperation, VLA model design, and heterogeneous co-training. Our study yields several intriguing findings: a joint-based whole-body teleoperation interface outperforms alternatives that only partially expose the humanoid's degrees of freedom; a VLA pretrained on static and wheeled dual-arm platforms transfers surprisingly well to a humanoid's full action space; and co-training with HuMI, the humanoid analog of UMI, extends the policy to new objects and instructions without additional whole-body teleoperation on those targets. Following this roadmap yields OpenHLM, an open-source recipe for whole-body humanoid loco-manipulation. In a challenging long-horizon task that spans a wide vertical range of the humanoid, OpenHLM outperforms two state-of-the-art humanoid VLA baselines (GR00T N1.6 and $Ψ_0$) using less than half the total demonstration time. Our code, training data, and model checkpoints are available at [https://openhlm-project.github.io/].

cs.RO

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.02487

RecRSI: Mechanism-Guided Discovery of Recommendation Algorithms

Tingran Gan, Zhouziyue Lu, Dian Jin, Tao Li, Yang Gao, Ming Liu, Weiwen Liu, Jianghao Lin 等 10 位作者

原文摘要

Improving recommendation algorithms for the Web requires coordinating interacting design choices and learning from experiments. We present RecRSI, an LLM-based research framework that uses mechanism hypotheses to organize algorithm discovery. Each hypothesis links a proposed mechanism change to a reference design, a rationale, and an expected observation. MechSpace derives implementable primitives and composition rules from the task source; Research Line uses this space and prior evidence to develop and test hypotheses; Mechanism Feedback carries outcomes and their design context into subsequent research. This organization makes each experiment inform which mechanisms to develop, revise, or combine next. Across four initial recommenders and four datasets, RecRSI yields average relative improvements of 8.48% in NDCG@5 and 6.88% in HR@5 over the initial algorithms, and 2.60% and 2.20%, respectively, over the strongest competing result for each setting and metric. Component and process studies link these gains to coordinated mechanism choices and evidence-guided follow-up. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/DynamisG210/RecRSI.

cs.IR · cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v2arXiv:2603.26993

On the Reliability Limits of LLM-Based Multi-Agent Planning

Ruicheng Ao, Siyang Gao, David Simchi-Levi

原文摘要

LLM-based multi-agent planning delegates operational decisions to specialists that communicate through finite reports. In this research, we study its reliability limits when a coordinator can revisit source records before completing a resource-constrained plan. A useful report can support an immediate decision or direct later reading, so its value depends on how these stages communicate. We derive exact communication and access tradeoffs and prove that two report forms suffice for a broad class of allocation requirements, one favoring immediate resource identification and the other distinguishing absence from unnamed availability. For shared capacity, this reduction permits joint optimization of reporting roles and adaptive reads for a fixed number of source types with unequal workloads and reading costs. Identical specialists can optimally report different facts, and maximizing immediate completion can impose an unbounded recovery cost penalty even with full-record access. We also conduct numerical experiments to quantify the benefits of the proposed joint optimization and show how source access improves language-agent decisions that already use their reports optimally. In particular, an exhaustive evaluation of 207,632 report designs on small allocation instances recovers the predicted joint optima. Our analysis suggests that reliable agent communication should be evaluated by the complete decisions it supports and the cost of finishing its unresolved cases, instead of solely by report length, local prediction accuracy, or immediate task completion, as is often the case in current practice.

cs.MA · cs.LG · math.OC · stat.ML

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.39998

Gaze-Assisted Supervisory Control for Lunar Robotic Arm Teleoperation Under Concurrent Monitoring

Jiayu He, Yifan Li, Oliver R. Runswick, Ernest N. Kamavuako, Yunjie Jia, Peter D. Hodkinson, Yang Gao

原文摘要

Rover-mounted robotic arms can extend human reach during lunar sample handling, but continuous joystick teleoperation requires repeated visual-motor alignment while operators may also need to monitor system states. This paper presents a gaze-assisted supervisory control framework in which gaze nominates a rock or placement target, explicit confirmation authorizes the action, and the robot performs bounded autonomous grasp-and-place execution. The framework was evaluated against manual joystick teleoperation in a mission-analog virtual reality study with 16 participants. The study used a 2 x 2 x 3 within-subject design varying control mode, placement difficulty, and concurrent monitoring load. Mean recorded task completion time decreased from 47.65 to 18.43 s per rock, with 72.5% of this difference arising during grasping. Under the tested auditory monitoring conditions, gaze-assisted supervisory control showed less average proportional slowing, with no detected control-mode difference in monitoring-response accuracy or speed. The rate of gaze shifts between core areas of interest decreased from 49.98 to 27.73 shifts/min, while the raw NASA Task Load Index score decreased from 32.54 to 18.26. However, the benefit was task dependent. In precision placement, manual control yielded lower mean placement error and a higher placement success rate. These findings support a mixed-initiative allocation in which gaze enables rapid task-level intention specification and autonomous execution, while precision-critical stages retain manual refinement.

cs.RO

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.39409

Safe Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning: Zero Constraint Violation and Primal-Averaging Convergence

Chenxi Li, Yao Shu, Siyang Gao, Shuang Qiu, Guangxin Jiang

原文摘要

Many applications of multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) require policies that balance conflicting objectives while satisfying safety constraints. We study safe MORL with zero constraint violation throughout learning, covering both cumulative and stepwise constraints. A key challenge is to explore sufficiently under unknown dynamics and constraint costs without violating the constraints. For a given preference over objectives, we develop an algorithm to learn a safe Pareto optimal policy by combining optimistic reward estimates with pessimistic cost bounds. With high probability, every policy executed over $T$ episodes incurs zero constraint violation. The algorithm returns a safe Markov policy induced by the averaged occupancy measure and achieves an $\widetilde{O}(1/\sqrt{T})$ suboptimality gap under smooth Tchebycheff scalarization. We further develop a preference-free algorithm that first explores safely without a prespecified preference and then computes a safe policy for any given preference without further interaction. Over $T$ exploration episodes and $K$ planning iterations, it retains the same safety guarantee and achieves an $\widetilde{O}(1/\sqrt{T}+1/\sqrt{K})$ suboptimality gap. Both algorithms require knowledge of a policy that strictly satisfies the constraints and its costs. We then relax these requirements, incurring at most constant cumulative violation. To our knowledge, we provide the first sample-efficient MORL algorithms that guarantee safety for every executed policy.

cs.LG · cs.AI · math.OC · stat.ML

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v4arXiv:2606.13102

FTP-1: A Generalist Foundation Tactile Policy Across Tactile Sensors for Contact-Rich Manipulation

Chengbo Yuan, Zicheng Zhang, Mingjie Zhou, Wendi Chen, Yi Wang, Zhuoyang Liu, Dantong Niu, Shuo Wang 等 17 位作者

原文摘要

Despite the success of vision-based generalist robotic policies, existing tactile-based policies remain tied to fixed embodiments and sensor setups. This is because tactile signals are highly heterogeneous across hardware, making cross-sensor generalization difficult. We present FTP-1,the first generalist foundation tactile policy pretrained to acquire transferable tactile manipulation abilities across diverse sensors and embodiments. FTP-1 supports varied tactile inputs, including image-, array-, and state-based signals, by using heterogeneous encoders to project them into unified morphology-aware latent tokens that are jointly modeled by a shared tactile Transformer expert. Pretrained on around 3,000 hours of tactile manipulation data aggregated from 26 data sources, spanning human and robot demonstrations across 21 sensors, FTP-1 learns tactile skills that transfer beyond the sensors seen during pretraining. Across downstream finetuning experiments spanning 5 hardware configurations, FTP-1 improves contact-rich manipulation on seen sensor setups by +17.2% and, surprisingly, transfers to two previously unseen tactile-sensor setups, achieving a +31% gain in success rate. FTP-1 establishes the first unified foundation baseline for tactile manipulation, providing future tactile policies with a shared model-level starting point. Pretrained models, datasets, training code and more visualization at https://ftp1-policy.github.io.

cs.RO

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
版本更新 · v4arXiv:2607.11976

LiteTopK: Exploiting the Curse of Dimensionality for a Fused Indexer-TopK Kernel in Long-Context Sparse Attention

Ziqi Yin, Jianyang Gao, Peiqi Yin, Jiangneng Li, Gao Cong

原文摘要

Indexer-TopK, which computes scores and selects the top-$k$ candidates, is a key primitive in long-context sparse attention for large language models and vector retrieval for recommendation systems and vector databases. However, existing GPU-based Indexer-TopK kernels like DeepSeek Sparse Attention (DSA) typically separate scoring from selection and materialize the full score matrix in high-bandwidth memory. This strategy is inefficient for large score matrices, such as those encountered in long-context sparse attention, due to excessive global-memory traffic, costly synchronization, and prohibitive memory overhead. In this study, motivated by the curse of dimensionality, we observe that sparse attention scores exhibit a concentration phenomenon, with scores falling within a narrow range. Based on this observation, we propose LiteTopK, an efficient fused Indexer-TopK kernel. LiteTopK samples a small subset of data to estimate query-data score ranges, then partitions candidates into bins accordingly. This design allows LiteTopK to maintain a slightly relaxed threshold online and write back only promising candidates, reducing unnecessary I/O and memory overhead while preserving exact top-$k$ correctness. Building on LiteTopK, we further propose LiteDSA, which packs the overlapping candidates of neighboring query tokens into a shared key/value list for joint attention and uses per-query masks to preserve each token's original top-$k$ membership while reducing memory traffic. We integrate LiteTopK into three widely used LLM training and inference systems: vLLM, SGLang, and Megatron-LM. Experiments in a production environment with eight NVIDIA B200 GPUs demonstrate prefill speedups of up to $1.49\times$ across GLM-5.2, DeepSeek-V4-Flash, and Hy-4-Preview at a context length of 1M tokens, without compromising model capabilities.

cs.LG

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
新论文 · v1arXiv:2610.35342

VisGeo-PipeTrack: A Visual Geometric Servo Control Framework with MPC-RCAPID Control for UAV-Based Dynamic Pipes Tracking

Zhenyang Gao, Jianlin Chen, Yang Yu, Honghao Shan, Jiale Gao, Ziyan Jia

原文摘要

While unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly deployed for pipeline inspection, prevailing research predominantly assumes static pipes. In real-world industrial environments, pipes often exhibit dynamic movements, such as vibrations. This imposes more stringent requirements on UAVs' adaptive control and computational efficiency than in static scenarios. Therefore, this paper proposes a servo control framework named VisGeo-PipeTrack, which utilizes geometric constraints to enable UAV tracking of dynamic pipes. To achieve efficient UAV positioning, YOLOv5 is employed to detect labels on the pipe. The positions are derived from visual geometric constraints based on these detected labels to enable precise localization. To address tracking control challenges, a model predictive control based real-time corrected adaptive PID (MPC-RCAPID) controller is proposed. This controller employs the Recursive Least Squares method for real-time model estimation and integrates rolling horizon optimization to dynamically adjust PID parameters. Experiments conducted on both the AirSim simulator and the Tello UAV platform validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Simulation comparisons with standard PID, fractional-order PID, adaptive PID, and fuzzy PID demonstrate that MPC-RCAPID achieves the shortest settling time (3.26 s) and the lowest average tracking error (3.52%). In physical experiments on the Tello platform, compared with standard PID control, MPC-RCAPID reduces the average tracking error by 55.52%, 26.72%, and 26.52% across the three test dimensions. These results demonstrate that VisGeo-PipeTrack facilitates efficient autonomous tracking in dynamic pipe environments.

cs.RO

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗
首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.1022ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

Learning from Cognition: Enhancing RL Efficiency for LLM Reasoning via Hierarchical Metacognitive Decomposition and Refinement

Zexu Sun, Yongcheng Zeng, Erxue Min, Heyang Gao Renmin University of China, Bokai Ji, Dugang Liu Shenzhen University, Xing Tang Shenzhen Technology University, Xiuqiang He 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Contemporary progress in Large Language Models (LLMs) has revealed notable inferential capacities via reinforcement learning (RL) employing verifiable rewards. However, “zero-RL” approaches relying on fixed prompt templates introduce substantial sampling inefficiencies for weak LLMs, as most problems generate invalid outputs during accuracy-driven filtration. To solve this, we propose Cog-Rethinker, a novel hierarchical metacognitive RL framework. Cog-Rethinker enhances the rollout procedure by improving sample utilization through a two-stage framework leveraging human cognition. First, it prompts the policy to decompose zero-accuracy problems into subproblems. Second, it prompts the policy to refine answers by referencing previous wrong solutions. Moreover, to enable cold-starts and maintain train-test consistency, Cog-Rethinker applies supervised fine-tuning using correct samples from these stages. Experimental results demonstrate Cog-Rethinker’s superior performance on mathematical reasoning benchmarks and its improved sample efficiency that accelerates convergence compared to baselines.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.1350ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

Persona-E²: A Human-Grounded Dataset for Personality-Shaped Emotional Responses to Textual Events

Yuqin Yang, Haowu Zhou South China University of Technology, Haoran Tu, Zhiwen Hui, Shiqi Yan South China University of Technology, HaoYang Li, Dong She South China University of Technology, Xianrong Yao 等 10 位作者

原文摘要

Most affective computing research treats emotion as a static property of text, focusing on the writer’s sentiment while overlooking the reader’s perspective. This approach ignores how individual personalities lead to diverse emotional appraisals of the same event. Although role-playing Large Language Models (LLMs) attempt to simulate such nuanced reactions, they often suffer from "personality illusion”—relying on surface-level stereotypes rather than authentic cognitive logic. A critical bottleneck is the absence of ground-truth human data to link personality traits to emotional shifts. To bridge the gap, we introduce Persona-E² (Persona-Event2Emotion), a large-scale dataset grounded in annotated MBTI and Big Five traits to capture reader-based emotional variations across news, social media, and life narratives. Extensive experiments reveal that state-of-the-art LLMs struggle to capture precise appraisal shifts, particularly in social media domains. Crucially, we find that personality information significantly improves comprehension, with the Big Five traits alleviating "personality illusion.’

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.1386ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

Think Better, Not Longer: Token-Level Marginal Utility for Efficient Reasoning in Large Reasoning Models

Jiawei Li, Yang Gao, Huashan Sun, Chong Feng

原文摘要

While Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities through explicit Chain-of-Thought (CoT) generation, they frequently suffer from “overthinking”. In this work, we bridge this gap by introducing Token-level Marginal Utility, which quantifies the per-token log-probability gain of the ground-truth answer. Leveraging this dense supervision signal, we propose MUTO (Marginal Utility Guided Thinking Optimization), a unified training framework designed to synthesize concise reasoning chains. Rather than relying only on coarse trajectory-level length control, MUTO identifies tokens that reduce the model’s likelihood of the correct answer and penalizes such negative-utility reasoning, yielding concise yet effective CoT trajectories. Experiments on DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen backbones (1.5B and 7B) across six math reasoning benchmarks show that MUTO yields a markedly better efficiency-accuracy Pareto frontier. It reduces average token usage by 87.1% at 1.5B while improving accuracy by 2.3%, and cuts tokens by 80.2% at 7B with only -0.1% accuracy change, achieving the best length-normalized accuracy among baselines.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.1989ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

Thinking Alignment of Scenario-Oriented User Simulation

Xiaoting Wu, Yi Huang China Mobile Research Institute, Chunyang Gao, Mengfei Guo, Jingyu Yao China Mobile Communications Company Limited, Junlan Feng

原文摘要

Existing user simulators based on prompting to role-play or SFT are generally confined to imitating users’ textual utterances, without adequately considering the multi-faceted cognitive processes that underlie human decision-making during interactions. To facilitate better alignment with real human thinking patterns, we construct the LMSYS-UserThinking dataset, in which we augment 51k human–LLM conversations by reconstructing the user’s inner reasoning both during and at the end of each dialogue. Furthermore, to enhance controllability and situational coherence, we introduce scenario settings that describe the global context and user goals throughout multi-turn conversations. Using this dataset, we train user simulators called ThinkingUS on different base models. We evaluate our approach from both offline and online user simulation perspectives, ultimately demonstrating its effectiveness.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.2122ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

Thinking-Based Non-Thinking: Solving the Reward Hacking Problem in Training Hybrid Reasoning Models via Reinforcement Learning

Siyuan Gan, Jiaheng Liu Nanjing University, Boyan Wang nanjing university, Tianpei Yang Nanjing University, Runqing Miao China Mobile Communications Company Limited Research Institute, Yuyao Zhang China Mobile Communications Company Limited Research Institute, Fanyu Meng JIUTIAN Research, Junlan Feng 等 11 位作者

原文摘要

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have attracted much attention due to their exceptional performance. However, their performance mainly stems from thinking, a long Chain of Thought (CoT), which significantly increase computational overhead. To address this overthinking problem, existing work focuses on using reinforcement learning (RL) to train hybrid reasoning models that automatically decide whether to engage in thinking or not based on the complexity of the query. Unfortunately, using RL will suffer the the reward hacking problem, e.g., the model engages in thinking but is judged as not doing so, resulting in incorrect rewards.To mitigate this problem, existing works either employ supervised fine-tuning (SFT), which incurs high computational costs, or enforce uniform token limits on non-thinking responses, which yields limited mitigation of the problem.In this paper, we propose Thinking-Based Non-Thinking (TNT). It does not employ SFT, and sets different maximum token usage for responses not using thinking across various queries by leveraging information from the solution component of the responses using thinking. Experiments on five mathematical benchmarks demonstrate that TNT reduces token usage by around 50\\%$ compared to DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-1.5B/7B and DeepScaleR-1.5B, while significantly improving accuracy. In fact, TNT achieves the optimal trade-off between accuracy and efficiency among all tested methods. Additionally, the probability of reward hacking problem in TNT’s responses, which are classified as not using thinking, remains below $10\\%$ across all tested datasets.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表

首次观测 · 记录 #1ACL Anthology · ACL 2026:acl:2026.acl-long.987ACL Anthology · ACL 2026

EduBench: A Comprehensive Benchmarking Dataset for Evaluating Large Language Models in Diverse Educational Scenarios

Bin Xu, Yu Bai Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Huashan Sun, Yiguan Lin Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Siming Liu, Xinyue Liang, Yaolin Li Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuangzhi Dong 等 13 位作者

原文摘要

As large language models continue to advance, their application in educational contexts remains underexplored and under-optimized. In this paper, we address this gap by introducing the first diverse benchmark tailored for educational scenarios, incorporating synthetic data containing 9 major scenarios and over 4,000 distinct educational contexts. To enable comprehensive assessment, we propose a set of multi-dimensional evaluation metrics that cover 12 critical aspects relevant to both teachers and students. We further apply human annotation to ensure the effectiveness of the model-generated evaluation responses. Additionally, we succeed to train a relatively small-scale model on our constructed dataset and demonstrate that it can achieve performance comparable to state-of-the-art large models (e.g., Deepseek V3, Qwen Max) on the test set. Overall, this work provides a practical foundation for the development and evaluation of education-oriented language models.

cs.CL

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) · 2026 · 正式发表

版本更新 · v5arXiv:2403.05530Google Research

Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context

Gemini Team, Petko Georgiev, Ving Ian Lei, Ryan Burnell, Libin Bai, Anmol Gulati, Garrett Tanzer, Damien Vincent 等 1137 位作者

原文摘要

In this report, we introduce the Gemini 1.5 family of models, representing the next generation of highly compute-efficient multimodal models capable of recalling and reasoning over fine-grained information from millions of tokens of context, including multiple long documents and hours of video and audio. The family includes two new models: (1) an updated Gemini 1.5 Pro, which exceeds the February version on the great majority of capabilities and benchmarks; (2) Gemini 1.5 Flash, a more lightweight variant designed for efficiency with minimal regression in quality. Gemini 1.5 models achieve near-perfect recall on long-context retrieval tasks across modalities, improve the state-of-the-art in long-document QA, long-video QA and long-context ASR, and match or surpass Gemini 1.0 Ultra's state-of-the-art performance across a broad set of benchmarks. Studying the limits of Gemini 1.5's long-context ability, we find continued improvement in next-token prediction and near-perfect retrieval (>99%) up to at least 10M tokens, a generational leap over existing models such as Claude 3.0 (200k) and GPT-4 Turbo (128k). Finally, we highlight real-world use cases, such as Gemini 1.5 collaborating with professionals on completing their tasks achieving 26 to 75% time savings across 10 different job categories, as well as surprising new capabilities of large language models at the frontier; when given a grammar manual for Kalamang, a language with fewer than 200 speakers worldwide, the model learns to translate English to Kalamang at a similar level to a person who learned from the same content.

cs.CL · cs.AI

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arXiv ↗PDF ↗