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新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.17007

Skill Adapter: Personalized Modification and Online Routing of General-Purpose Skills

Qijia Zhuang, Yanyi Gou, Wenbin Ma, Yuxiang Ren

原文摘要

Large language model (LLM) agents use external skills to reuse task procedures and experience with tools. General-purpose skills describe shared execution procedures, while specific tool choices, operating practices, and output requirements vary across users. In long-horizon tasks, subgoals, available inputs, and environmental states change as execution progresses. Agents must select currently applicable skills from an expanding skill pool and prepare candidates for subsequent steps. We propose Skill Adapter, which enables personalized modification and online routing of general-purpose skills. The system distills local adjustments from user requirements and execution feedback and stores them as Adapters linked to general-purpose skills. The routing agent selects general-purpose skills and applicable Adapters based on the current subtask, execution progress, and environmental feedback, incrementally maintaining a task-level online skill library that the main LLM reads on demand. The system preloads candidates for subsequent nodes and rechecks their applicability once actual inputs are determined. Reinforcement learning optimizes the two types of decisions using modification gains and routing outcomes, respectively. We evaluate Skill Adapter on ALFWorld, WebShop, and SkillsBench. Compared with SkillRL, it improves task success rates by an average of 11.43 percentage points and reduces mean execution time on all three benchmarks. Skill Adapter retains its performance advantage when the skill pool grows to 1,000 skills.

cs.AI

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.16897

TokenStream: Multi-Subject Personalized Video Generation with Token-wise LoRA and Guided Attention

Hung Nguyen, Quang Qui-Vinh Nguyen, Khoi Nguyen

原文摘要

We introduce TokenStream, an optimization-based framework that composes independently learned subject identities in text-to-video generation without a reference-video training dataset or joint optimization of each new subject combination. Learning from a single reference image makes subject appearance difficult to separate from static-image bias, while merging independently trained adapters can mix identities. Token-wise LoRA (ToRA) restricts low-rank updates to the cross-attention value projections of subject-associated text tokens, providing a separate adaptation path for each subject. A T2V-guided stream copies queries and keys from the frozen base model during early denoising to reuse its layout and motion priors while retaining personalized values. We also introduce Multi-DB, a 30-subject, 122-prompt benchmark with appearance-free prompts and varied interactions. On Multi-DB at 1.3B, TokenStream improves identity preservation from 0.422 for DreamBooth to 0.467 and textual alignment from 0.652 to 0.688.

cs.CV

版本更新 · v2arXiv:2602.17264

Can Third-Party Annotators Reliably Evaluate Conversational Recommender Systems?

Michael Müller, Amir Reza Mohammadi, Andreas Peintner, Beatriz Barroso Gstrein, Günther Specht, Eva Zangerle

原文摘要

User-centric evaluation has become a key paradigm for assessing Conversational Recommender Systems (CRS), aiming to capture subjective qualities such as satisfaction, trust, and rapport. To enable scalable evaluation, recent work increasingly relies on third-party annotations of static dialogue logs by crowd workers or large language models. However, the reliability of this practice remains largely unexamined. In this paper, we present a large-scale empirical study investigating the reliability and structure of user-centric CRS evaluation on static dialogue transcripts. We collected 1,053 annotations from 124 crowd workers on 200 ReDial dialogues using the 18-dimensional CRS-Que framework. Using random-effects reliability models and correlation analysis, we quantify the stability of individual dimensions and their interdependencies. Our results show that utilitarian and outcome-oriented dimensions such as accuracy, usefulness, and satisfaction achieve moderate reliability under aggregation, whereas socially grounded constructs such as humanness and rapport are substantially less reliable. Furthermore, many dimensions collapse into a single global quality signal, revealing a strong halo effect in third-party judgments. These findings challenge the validity of single-annotator and LLM-based evaluation protocols and motivate the need for multi-rater aggregation and dimension reduction in offline CRS evaluation.

cs.IR

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.16647

InertiaMPDD: Multimodal Personalized Depression Detection via Emotional Inertia-Inspired Dynamics Modeling

Changzeng Fu, Songyang Wang, Chang Gao, Xinyi Zhang, Peilin Li, Mo Meng, Jiarui Wu, Mingze Li 等 12 位作者

原文摘要

Multimodal depression screening estimates risk from speech, visual behavior and language. Current methods mainly predict labels, with limited evidence of departures from a non-depressed reference. Recording-level supervision also leaves fine-grained emotional dynamics unannotated. Motivated by emotional inertia, the persistence of affect, InertiaMPDD learns healthy next-state patterns using a world-model-inspired latent predictor. Using pretrained multimodal representations, it predicts from observed history and context. Reference deviation, residual decay rate and a Jacobian spectral descriptor form reference-derived emotional dynamics descriptors, evaluated as candidate proxy biomarkers for standalone screening and personalized decision correction. Across five cohorts from four datasets, fusion reaches 98.41% F1 on D-Vlog and 84.98% on LMVD. Standalone descriptors outperform fixed additive fusion on MPDD but discriminate weakly on AVEC2014. These findings distinguish reference informativeness from fusion benefit and reveal context-dependent utility.

cs.AI

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.16586

Large Language Models as Digital Twins: a Distribution-Aware Questionnaire-Based Evaluation

Francesco Di Cursi, Chiara Boldrini, Andrea Passarella, Marco Conti

原文摘要

This paper investigates whether Large Language Models can answer a personality questionnaire as a specific individual would. Given a user's social-media posts, the model completes the BFI-2-60 Big Five questionnaire as that user. The predicted responses are converted into trait scores and compared with the user's actual scores. We evaluate GPT-4, Gemma, Llama 3.1, and Mistral on the MyPersonality dataset. To determine whether predictions reflect information from the user's writing, we compare them with answers produced without user text and with values derived from general population tendencies. We measure prediction error across all users and separately for individuals with low, intermediate, and high trait scores. We also test whether an LLM can express an explicit personality profile when given only the target Big Five scores, without user text, and examine how predictions change as more text is provided. The results show that user text does not consistently improve performance. Models perform better near the middle of the trait distribution, while at the lower and upper ends they often remain close to central values or perform well at one end but poorly at the other. When given an explicit profile, GPT-4 most clearly translates trait information into consistent questionnaire responses, particularly for Extraversion and Neuroticism. Increasing context does not systematically reduce error: open-source models fluctuate more, whereas GPT-4 remains comparatively stable. Overall, the evaluated models do not consistently reproduce the questionnaire behavior of specific individuals.

cs.AI · cs.CY

版本更新 · v2arXiv:2608.14198

Multimodal Zero-Shot Prediction for Transaction Data at Scale

Parameswaran Kamalaruban, Viktor Drobnyi, Maeve Madigan, Julia Rozanova, David Sutton, Stuart Burrell

原文摘要

Sequential financial transaction data are increasingly being used by financial institutions to train payment foundation models at scale, producing rich contextual embeddings that support applications such as fraud prevention, credit risk assessment, and offer personalization. However, such models are not designed for flexible instruction-following reasoning and require bespoke downstream models for each application. In contrast, large language models (LLMs) provide a natural-language interface for flexible transaction reasoning, yet naively serializing transaction histories into text representations is inefficient and costly. Multimodal fusion architectures bridge these paradigms, injecting transaction embeddings directly into flexible language reasoning pipelines. In this work, we present a systematic study of how transaction embeddings, pretrained at the scale of a global payments network, interact with LLM-based reasoning through embedding injection, transaction-language alignment, and instruction tuning. To do so, we train the Multimodal Instruction Network for Transactions (MINT), which combines a transaction encoder pretrained on billions of real-world payments with multimodal instruction tuning on millions of transaction question-answering examples. We evaluate predictive and extractive question answering, zero-shot generalization to unseen question types, and inference efficiency. Our results reveal a consistent trade-off: compact transaction embeddings improve predictive QA accuracy while substantially reducing input tokens, latency, and memory relative to a text-serialized baseline, whereas serialized histories remain highly competitive for extractive QA. Overall, our empirical findings provide a set of actionable insights and practical guidance for building multimodal transaction-aware language systems at network scale.

cs.LG · cs.CL

版本更新 · v2arXiv:2602.15876

Should There be a Teacher In-the-Loop? A Study of Generative AI-Personalized Tasks Middle School

Candace Walkington, Mingyu Feng, Itffini Pruitt-Britton, Theodora Beauchamp, Andrew Lan

原文摘要

Large language models can be used to design instructional tasks to align to students needs. These generative AI models can create tasks that correspond to students out-of-school interests in areas like sports or music, which may enhance students interest in learning. However, little is known about teachers processes for creating or modifying tasks with generative AI, despite commercial AI companies claims that they will save teachers time. In the present study, 7 middle school mathematics teachers used ChatGPT to create personalized versions of problems in their curriculum to correspond to their students interests. The prompting moves teachers made and their students open-ended feedback on personalized problems were examined through thematic analysis. Teachers efficiency when creating problems and the ratings of their 7th grade students who received personalized assignments were examined. Results from this sample suggest that having a teacher-in-the-loop may result in generative AI-enhanced personalization being enacted at a broad grain size, whereas students often expressed preference for a smaller grain-size where they receive specific popular culture references that interest them. Teachers used prompting to adjust popular culture references and address issues with the depth, ethics, or realism of the problems generated, in some cases showing epistemic agency. The article closes with an exploratory, design-focused look at scalability trade-offs with teacher-facing personalization, patterns of teacher prompting practices, and opportunities for teachers to exercise epistemic and ethical monitoring of personalization outputs.

cs.CY · cs.AI

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.15837

The BEATS Dataset: Towards Understanding Music-Physiology Dynamics in Real-World Scenarios

Benjamin Gutierrez Serafin, Tanaya Guha, Fahim Kawsar

原文摘要

We introduce the BEATS dataset, a robust compilation of psycho-physiological data collected in the wild from 30 participants while they listened to curated playlists intended to promote well-being. An acronym for Biomarkers, Experience and Affect from Therapeutic Soundscapes, the BEATS dataset aims to support research on wellbeing, music psychology, affective computing and signal processing. More specifically, this dataset includes: (1) sensor data collected during music listening sessions using a research-grade wearable device in free-movement environments; (2) music listening activity records, stimulus metadata, acoustic features, and self-reports associated with the listening sessions (3) individual characteristics, such as demographics, music preference, musical skills, and personality traits; and (4) self-reported psychological measures before and after their experimental participation spanning for a number of weeks. By situating data collection outside of lab settings, the BEATS dataset offers the opportunity to study real-world music-listening scenarios, allowing for a richer exploration of the physiological, subjective and therapeutic effects of music under real-world conditions.

eess.SP · cs.AI

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.15655

Can Agents Relive Past Experiences? Diagnosing Event-Affect Decoupling in Affective-Episodic Retrospection

Tingna Xie, Ming Wang, Shi Feng, Yongkang Liu

原文摘要

As memory-augmented agents increasingly support long-term and personalized interactions, reliable recall of emotional experiences while preserving their associated affect becomes necessary. However, existing evaluations usually assess emotion accuracy and factual memory grounding separately, overlooking event-affect correspondence. In this work, we formulate Affective-Episodic Retrospection (AER) as a task that explicitly evaluates the recovery of past events, associated affects, and their correspondence, and define Event-Affect Decoupling as a failure mode where the correct emotion is recalled but associated with the wrong episode. To diagnose Event-Affect Decoupling, we propose EM-TRACE, a stage-wise framework that decomposes AER into retrieval, affect recovery, and realization. On a controlled GoEmotions-based benchmark, Emotion-only retrieval achieves 28.65% affect recovery but retrieves the target episode for only 4.44% of queries, yielding a UAR of 24.21%. Further analysis reveals that event retrieval and affect assignment introduce distinct binding failures. These findings show that reliable AER requires grounded recall of emotional experiences, where episode retrieval, affect recovery, event-affect binding, and generation quality should be evaluated jointly. Our code is available at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/A412/.

cs.CL

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.15617

WaveletLoRA: Frequency-Aware Content-Style Decomposition for Personalized Image Generation

Peiyao Wang, Jiahui Sun, Weining Wang, Jing Liu

原文摘要

Content-style decomposition from a single image is a fundamental challenge in personalized image generation, aiming to separate subject identity from visual style for flexible recomposition. Existing approaches primarily operate in the spatial domain, without explicitly exploiting the distinct frequency characteristics naturally associated with content and style. In this paper, we propose WaveletLoRA, a novel frequency-aware framework for explicit content-style decomposition through wavelet-domain supervision. Specifically, we first apply a multi-level discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to decompose the reference image into low-frequency and high-frequency subbands. We then assign a dedicated LoRA branch to each subband, where the low-frequency branch models global appearance for style acquisition, while the high-frequency branches capture structural details for content preservation. To further improve disentanglement quality, we introduce a dense Mixture-of-Experts aggregation module together with a frequency-domain regularization objective, which reduces style leakage and enhance content fidelity. In addition, we establish WaveBench and develop a VLM-based evaluation protocol that explicitly measures both attribute similarity and attribute separation for disentanglement assessment. Extensive experiments demonstrate that WaveletLoRA consistently outperforms existing methods and produces results that better align with human preference.

cs.CV

版本更新 · v3arXiv:2511.16543

The Oracle and The Prism: A Decoupled and Efficient Framework for Generative Recommendation Explanation

Jiaheng Zhang, Daqiang Zhang

原文摘要

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into explainable recommendation systems often leads to a performance-efficiency trade-off in end-to-end architectures, where joint optimization of ranking and explanation can result in suboptimal compromises. To resolve this, we propose Prism, a novel decoupled framework that rigorously separates the recommendation process into a dedicated ranking stage and an explanation generation stage. This decomposition ensures that each component is optimized for its specific objective, eliminating inherent conflicts in coupled models. Inspired by knowledge distillation, Prism leverages a powerful, instruction-following teacher LLM (FLAN-T5-XXL) as an Oracle to produce high-fidelity explanatory knowledge. A compact, fine-tuned student model (BART-Base), the Prism, then specializes in synthesizing this knowledge into personalized explanations. Our extensive experiments on benchmark datasets reveal a key finding: the distillation process not only transfers knowledge but also acts as a noise filter. Our 140M-parameter Prism model significantly outperforms its 11B-parameter teacher in human evaluations of faithfulness and personalization, demonstrating an emergent ability to correct hallucinations present in the teacher's outputs. While achieving a 24x speedup and a 10x reduction in memory consumption, our analysis validates that decoupling, coupled with targeted distillation, provides an efficient and effective pathway to high-quality, and perhaps more importantly, trustworthy explainable recommendation.

cs.IR · cs.AI · cs.CL · cs.LG

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.15216

Where is My Mug? Training-Free Framework for Personalized Image Segmentation

Quang Qui-Vinh Nguyen, Hung Nguyen, Rang Nguyen, Khoi Nguyen

原文摘要

\textbf{Personalized Image Segmentation (PIS)} aims to segment the specific object in a target image that matches a user-provided reference. Unlike category-based segmentation or few-shot segmentation, PIS must discriminate between multiple visually similar instances, a requirement central to deployed applications such as augmented reality, personalized content editing, robotics manipulation, inventory tracking, and fine-grained visual retrieval. We show that the strong numbers reported by existing PIS methods are largely an artifact of single-instance benchmarks: when evaluated on realistic scenes with several same-category look-alikes, prior point-prompt methods collapse, because the correct instance is frequently never surfaced as a prompt. We trace this to a recall bottleneck rather than a mask-quality one, and address it with a training-free, modular system. The pipeline first generates high-recall object proposals using an off-the-shelf class-agnostic detector, then matches each proposal to the reference using foundation-model features (e.g., BLIP-2), and finally refines the selected box with SAM. For robust matching we propose \textbf{top-$K$ Sinkhorn}, a patch-level distance that scores each candidate only on its most confidently matched patches; trimming the Sinkhorn dual potentials recovers the robustness of partial optimal transport at more than $100\times$ lower cost, keeping it inside the per-proposal candidate loop. To evaluate this regime, we introduce \textbf{\datasetname}, a realistic multi-instance benchmark. Across \datasetname, PerSeg, PerMIS, and DAVIS, our system surpasses PerSAM, $\mathrm{P}^2\mathrm{SAM}$, and PDM by up to $\sim\!48$ mIoU while matching their runtime and using fewer parameters, establishing a strong, deployable training-free baseline for real-world personalized segmentation.

cs.CV · cs.AI

版本更新 · v4arXiv:2610.26185HF 社区推荐

MoveBench: A Rubric-Based Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models in Sports and Health Coaching

Yitong Li, Jiang Bian, Jingling Wang, Pan Ding, Chengying Gu, Xing Huang, Hana Song, Dong Zhang 等 26 位作者

原文摘要

Despite rapid advances in large language models (LLMs), their deployment in the sports and health domain remains high-risk due to the absence of domain-specific evaluation benchmarks. Existing general-purpose benchmarks (e.g., MMLU and HELM) primarily assess broad knowledge and reasoning capabilities, but fail to capture critical domain requirements such as exercise safety, physiological appropriateness, personalization, and actionable coaching quality. This gap is particularly concerning in fitness and health applications, where incorrect or unsafe recommendations can lead to physical harm. To address this limitation, we introduce MoveBench, the first comprehensive benchmarking framework specifically designed for evaluating LLMs in sports and health coaching. The proposed benchmark integrates heterogeneous task formats, including multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and open-ended question answering (OpenQA), grounded in real-world user scenarios and paired with structured rubrics emphasizing safety compliance, scientific validity, and training logic. Through large-scale evaluation of 15 diverse LLMs on 809 questions with 5,012 rubric-level criteria, our results reveal substantial performance variability, particularly in safety awareness, structured program design, and personalization capability, highlighting a critical gap between knowing and doing. Our work establishes a foundational evaluation standard for sports and health LLM applications and provides a reproducible framework for advancing safe, reliable, and context-aware AI-driven coaching systems. Open resources are available at https://github.com/SatoSakula/MoveBench.

cs.AI

版本更新 · v2arXiv:2611.10508

Imperfectly Imperfect: Evaluating Graded Cognitive Diversity in LLM Persona Simulations

Sion Weatherhead, Ben Newell, Aaron Belbasis, Flora Salim

原文摘要

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly used as synthetic participants in social, behavioural, and decision-making research, yet it remains unclear whether they can express graded cognitive diversity as assigned when engaging in simulated behaviour. We introduce a cognition-suite evaluation that tests whether simulated populations reproduce human variation in reasoning, self-reported traits, their associations, and downstream behaviour. Agents conditioned on synthetic or human-derived profiles of cognitive reflection, Need for Cognition, and Big Five personality answer the same suite as a cohort of 473 adults: two newly assembled tests, a Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) and a Behavioural Reflection Test (BRT) whose decision scenarios measure reflection in behaviour, alongside an established CRT and the two trait questionnaires. Across seven full-battery simulation runs of four models, agents recover Need for Cognition and Big Five trait distributions on self-report questionnaires, but fall short on simulating diversity of cognitive task performance and downstream behaviours. In the four Claude Sonnet 4.6 runs, every agent scores full marks on both CRTs, whatever reflection level its persona was assigned. In the other three runs agents make intuitive-lure errors (the tempting wrong answers CRT items invite), but 49 to 85% score full marks, against under 10% in the human sample. Claude Sonnet 5 comes closest to people's item-by-item pattern of lures; the other two runs give fewer lures and vary less between items. In the BRT scenarios, every run over-produces 8 to 11 of 15 coded behaviours by at least 20 percentage points, and people's links between reflection and behaviour carry over only in part. Useful synthetic populations must preserve not only trait descriptors but the structured variation in reasoning, error type, and behaviour those descriptors are meant to organise.

cs.CL · cs.AI · cs.CY

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.14849

Generalize Then Personalize: Wearable-Based Heart Rate Forecasting Under Scarce Ruck-March Data

Muntaqim Ahmed Raju, Ruizhe Ma, John W. Ramsay, David J. Cornell

原文摘要

Heart rate (HR) forecasting may provide advance information about near-future cardiovascular response, potentially supporting physiological monitoring and workload-management decisions during ruck marching. However, robust model development is constrained by the difficulty of collecting large-scale ruck-march datasets, creating a scarce-data problem in which models must generalize across participants while adapting to individuals from limited personal data. To address this problem, we benchmark population-only training (POT), personalized-from-scratch training (PFST), and population-pretrained fine-tuning (PPFT) for HR forecasting during loaded ruck marching using data from eight active-duty U.S. Army medics across thirteen sessions. LSTM, Attention-LSTM, and CNN-LSTM backbones were evaluated against a persistence baseline at 30 s and 60 s horizons. Across all neural architectures and horizons, PPFT yielded lower mean MAE, RMSE, and endpoint MAE than both POT and PFST. Participant-level paired analysis after averaging across three training seeds showed that, relative to PFST, PPFT reduced trajectory MAE by 2.22-4.30 bpm and endpoint MAE by 1.24-2.88 bpm. All six trajectory-MAE comparisons remained significant after Holm adjustment ($p_{adj}$ = 0.0469), while four of six endpoint-MAE comparisons remained significant after adjustment. At 30 s, persistence achieved the lowest MAE (3.555 $\pm$ 1.274 bpm), while CNN-LSTM PPFT achieved the lowest RMSE (4.669 $\pm$ 1.916 bpm); LSTM PPFT achieved the lowest endpoint MAE (5.093 $\pm$ 2.365 bpm). At 60 s, Attention-LSTM PPFT achieved the lowest MAE (5.573 $\pm$ 1.939 bpm) and RMSE (7.134 $\pm$ 2.260 bpm), while CNN-LSTM PPFT achieved the lowest endpoint MAE (7.553 $\pm$ 2.357 bpm). These results suggest that population pretraining followed by participant-specific fine-tuning may provide a practical strategy for scarce-data wearable HR forecasting.

cs.LG

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.14254

位置很重要:面向扩散个性化人脸隐私的稀疏潜方差攻击

Location Matters: Sparse Latent-Variance Attacks for Face Privacy against Diffusion Personalization

Shuting Yang, Shuxin Li, Linyan Dai, Xinwei Zhang, Dong Huang, Renyang Liu, See-Kiong Ng

AI 速读 基于摘要

提出稀疏对抗保护框架 SEAL,仅修改人脸图像 5% 的空间位置,在保持高视觉质量的同时干扰扩散模型对身份的个性化学习。

cs.CV · cs.CR

查看原文摘要

Text-to-image diffusion models can learn and reproduce an individual's identity from only a few reference photos, creating risks of unauthorized and misleading content generation. Proactive defenses address this risk by adding adversarial perturbations to facial images before release, thereby disrupting identity acquisition during downstream personalization. However, existing methods typically rely on dense $L_\infty$-bounded perturbations, whose accumulated distortions can become visible around facial structures. Recent methods improve protected-image quality, but often at the cost of reduced protection effectiveness. In this paper, we propose Sparse Encoder Attack on Latent Variance (SEAL), a sparse adversarial protection framework that modifies only 5% of the spatial locations in a facial image. SEAL combines a differentiable top-k masking scheme that jointly optimizes perturbation locations and values with a variance-oriented objective over the frozen VAE encoder's latent distribution to disrupt identity-consistent representations. A saliency-guided dispersion penalty further discourages perturbation concentration in perceptually salient facial regions. Experiments on CelebA-HQ and VGGFace2 show that SEAL achieves the best protected-image quality among the compared methods, exceeding 41 dB PSNR with 0.97 SSIM and at most 0.07 LPIPS, while reducing identity similarity to at most 0.15 after diffusion personalization. These results demonstrate that sparse location optimization enables strong identity protection while preserving high visual quality. Code and data are available at https://github.com/Lvxan/SEAL

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.14247

人机谈判中基于持续学习的个性化情感感知

Personalized Affective Perception via Continual Learning in Human-Agent Negotiation

Mehmet Onur Keskin, Berk Buzcu, Nikhil Churamani, Reyhan Aydogan, Hatice Gunes, Catholijn Jonker

AI 速读 基于摘要

作者提出将持续学习的面部表情识别(CLIFER)与差分反馈结合,在实时人机谈判中个性化效价-唤醒感知并调整智能体策略。

cs.AI · cs.HC · cs.LG · cs.MA · cs.RO

查看原文摘要

Self-interested intelligent agents that negotiate with humans should interpret nonverbal expressions and adapt their behavior accordingly. However, generic facial-affect models degrade across individuals and contexts, creating a generalization gap. We introduce an affect-adaptive negotiation strategy that incorporates Continual Learning with Imagination for Facial Expression Recognition (CLIFER) to personalize valence-arousal perception in real time. Differential feedback converts changes in valence-arousal direction and intensity into adjustments of the agent's target utility. An asynchronous architecture updates CLIFER in the background during live interaction. In a counterbalanced within-subject study in which 66 participants negotiated with a humanoid robot, the CL-enabled agent achieved significantly higher individual utility and elicited higher participant concession rates than the FaceChannel baseline. The CL condition yielded significantly higher mean arousal estimates, alongside a broader output range. Participant utility and Nash distance did not change significantly between conditions. These outcomes support the practical value of coupling continual affective personalization with differential feedback for real-time negotiation.

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.14220

SHARP: Semantic Hierarchical Agentic Reasoning for Next POI Prediction with Dynamic Memory

Yuhang Zhan, Silin Zhou, Zhuo Chen, Haoxiang Lei, Yunren Feng, Lisi Chen, Shuo Shang

原文摘要

Next point-of-interest (POI) prediction supports personalized location services by anticipating users' next destinations. Recent methods leverage large language models (LLMs) for semantic reasoning and graphs for collective mobility modeling, improving POI prediction. However, three challenges still remain. Bridging LLMs' semantic reasoning and specific POI prediction remains challenging. User mobility also evolves over time, making it necessary to retain and update historical knowledge within limited LLM contexts. Meanwhile, global transition graphs smooth out time-specific category transition patterns. To address these challenges, we propose Semantic Hierarchical Agentic Reasoning for Next POI Prediction with Dynamic Memory (SHARP), an agentic hierarchical framework in which category-level reasoning guides specific POI prediction. A trajectory memory agent maintains a dynamic trajectory memory bank that preserves earlier mobility patterns and tracks behavioral changes with limited context growth. We construct multi-granularity time-aware category transition graphs with global and time-conditioned views to preserve temporal regularities obscured by global aggregation. A category predict agent combines these graphs with trajectory memory to predict likely next categories. SHARP learns semantic IDs (SIDs) through a residual-quantized variational autoencoder (RQ-VAE) to construct semantic POI representations, which are jointly optimized with a category-guided POI predictor end-to-end. On three real-world datasets, SHARP improves Acc@5 and Acc@10 by an average of 5.29 and 4.52 percentage points, respectively, over the strongest baseline.

cs.IR

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.14118

TAMEing the Open-World Personalization: Towards Open-Set Personalized MLLM Assistant

Rongpei Hong, Jian Lang, Ting Zhong, Fan Zhou

原文摘要

Personalizing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) as intelligent assistants has recently emerged as an active research topic, where an MLLM is expected to go beyond generic, one-size-fits-all replies, and instead generate responses grounded in user-specific objects, entities, and concepts encountered during interactions. Nevertheless, existing studies mainly focus on personalizing MLLMs on a static, predefined set of personalized concepts and require users to manually and frequently extend this set to accommodate newly emerging concepts, which is infeasible in dynamic-world scenarios. To address this limitation, we recast conventional MLLM personalization as an Open-Set problem, and propose TAME-O, the first long-context open-set personalized MLLM assistant. Specifically, TAME-O introduces a training-free, plug-and-play Concept Reconciliation Skill (CR Skill). It enables the assistant to automatically unlock novel concepts during prolonged human-MLLM interactions while preventing confusion with previously unlocked ones, allowing the MLLM to continually grasp more and more concepts and progressively refine the modeling of known ones. Extensive experiments under the open-set personalization setting underscore the efficacy of our method.

cs.CV

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.14017

Personalized Memory Rubrics: Learning What to Remember per User via Rubric-Guided Credit Assignment

Yupeng Han, Kai Zhang, Shuochen Liu, Ze Liu, Xianquan Wang, Zhihong Pan, Xiangyu Zhao, Qi Liu 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Long-horizon personalized agents maintain an evolving memory by continuously deciding what to add, modify, or discard. However, learning an optimal update policy remains challenging. Conventional training relies solely on terminal question-answering accuracy, yielding a coarse feedback signal that treats all intermediate updates identically. Furthermore, update utility is inherently user-specific, as identical memory actions may yield opposite effects across different user personas. Existing methods fail to address this heterogeneity, relying on globally shared evaluation standards with at most a single scalar intermediate reward. To address these challenges, we propose \textbf{Personalized Memory Rubrics} (\textbf{PMR}), a framework that translates terminal feedback into fine-grained, per-step, and per-user credit assignment. PMR decomposes evaluation into a universal layer capturing cross-persona failure patterns and a per-user adaptive layer modeling individual traits as a specialized delta over the universal baseline. Through \textbf{Rubric-Guided Credit Assignment}, PMR redistributes credit at the token level, selectively amplifying validated decisions on successful trajectories while falling back to standard policy optimization on failed ones to avoid unreliable attribution. The rubric and memory policy \textbf{co-evolve} in a closed loop with anti-circularity guarantees. Crucially, PMR incurs zero inference overhead, operating without any rubric or external judge during deployment. Extensive experiments across four benchmarks demonstrate consistent gains over strong memory-augmented baselines.

cs.AI

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.13997

Specify Privacy Yourself: Assessing Inference-Time Personalized Privacy Preservation Ability of Large Vision-Language Models

Xingqi Wang, Xiaoyuan Yi, Xing Xie, Jia Jia

原文摘要

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities but raise significant privacy concerns due to their abilities to infer sensitive personal information from images with high precision. While current LVLMs are relatively well aligned to protect universal privacy, e.g., credit card data, we argue that privacy is inherently personalized and context-dependent. This work pivots towards a novel task: can LVLMs achieve Inference-Time Personalized Privacy Protection (ITP$^3$), allowing users to dynamically specify privacy boundaries through language specifications? To this end, we present SPY-Bench, the first systematic assessment of ITP$^3$ ability, which comprises (1) 32,700 unique samples with image-question pairs and personalized privacy instructions across 67 categories and 24 real-world scenarios, and (2) novel metrics grounded in user specifications and context awareness. Benchmarking the ITP$^3$ ability of 21 SOTA LVLMs, we reveal that: (i) most models, even the top-performing o4-mini, perform poorly, with only $\sim$24% compliance accuracy; (ii) they show quite limited contextual privacy understanding capability. Therefore, we implemented initial ITP$^3$ alignment methods, including a novel Noise Contrastive Alignment variant which achieves 96.88% accuracy while maintaining reasonable general performance. These results mark an initial step towards the ethical deployment of more controllable LVLMs. Code and data are available at https://github.com/achernarwang/specify-privacy-yourself

cs.CV · cs.AI · cs.CL · cs.CY · cs.LG

版本更新 · v3arXiv:2609.15664

CIDERS: Cloud-Edge LLM Collaborative Learning via Accelerating Personalized Bilevel Optimization

Victor H. Chen, Hairui Yu, Stella K. Chung, Hong Yan

原文摘要

Amid the rapid advancement of physical-world intelligence, cloud-edge collaborative large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising roadmap for practical LLM deployment. However, existing cloud-edge paradigms struggle to balance global consensus with local personalization, which fails to satisfy the need for a unified knowledge foundation on the cloud and domain-specific adaptation at the edge. To address this, we introduce, for the first time, a personalized bilevel optimization framework that formalizes cloud-edge LLM collaboration as a dual structure: the upper level optimizes edge-side personalization, while the lower level governs cloud-side knowledge transfer, reaching cloud-edge evolving in coordination. We then propose CIDERS, an efficient solver that decomposes the model into a learnable backbone and a messenger. While the cloud performs knowledge transfer to the learnable backbone, the key lies in embedding global trajectories into each local personalization step via consensus-variate correction to reconcile personalization with consensus. We provide a comprehensive theoretical analysis, including a geometric characterization of the local trajectory and a full convergence guarantee, revealing an explicit trade-off structure between personalization and global convergence. Extensive experiments demonstrate that CIDERS consistently outperforms competitive baselines on the compressed edge path, with 3.1x and 1.7x gains on mathematical reasoning and code generation, respectively, and a 10\% relative gain on instruction metrics. Mechanism experiments attribute these gains to early consensus-corrected coordination and task-aware distillation. Overall, CIDERS offers a viable path toward consensus-guided continuous personalization in cloud-edge LLM systems.

cs.DC · cs.AI

版本更新 · v2arXiv:2607.21067

PrefReward: Learning User Preference Matrix for Personalized Text Generation

Yue Wu, Chengbing Wang, Yimeng Bai, Xiaoyan Zhao, Yang Zhang, Fuli Feng

原文摘要

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable ability in generating personalized content by leveraging user histories and contextual cues. However, most existing personalization approaches rely on implicit representations within model parameters, making it difficult to interpret user-specific preferences or effectively handle long-context dependencies. To address these challenges, we propose PrefReward, a novel preference-aware generative framework that explicitly models user styles through a structured preference matrix and integrates it into the decoding process as a reward signal. PrefReward consists of two stages: (1) extracting a user-specific preference matrix that summarizes individual stylistic tendencies, and (2) using the matrix to guide generation via a KL-divergence-based reward function. Experiments on the LongLaMP dataset show that PrefReward outperforms retrieval-based baselines and context steering method in both generation quality and personalization interpretability.

cs.CL

版本更新 · v2arXiv:2602.15012

Cold-Start Personalization via Bayesian Adaptive Questioning

Avinandan Bose, Shuyue Stella Li, Faeze Brahman, Pang Wei Koh, Simon Shaolei Du, Yulia Tsvetkov, Maryam Fazel, Lin Xiao 等 9 位作者

原文摘要

Cold-start personalization requires inferring preferences from minimal interaction when no user-specific historical data is available. The space of possible preferences is vast, yet users care about only a sparse subset and rarely articulate them upfront; combined with limited interaction budgets, this makes preference elicitation challenging. Our key insight is that preferences exhibit predictable structure across populations; e.g., users who want detailed explanations often also value worked examples. We propose CAPE (Cold-start Adaptive Preference Elicitation), which learns a structured world model of preference correlations offline from complete profiles, then performs training-free Bayesian inference online to select informative questions and predict complete preference profiles, including dimensions never asked about. Even simple belief model instantiations (e.g., linear regression) substantially outperform end-to-end RL. Across medical, mathematical, social, and commonsense reasoning, CAPE achieves 80.8% alignment with ground-truth user preferences versus 68.5% for RL, requires 2.5x to over 15x fewer interactions, and adapts its questions twice as often as RL. Our contribution is a principled decomposition of cold-start personalization that makes Bayesian preference elicitation practical at scale for LLM systems.

cs.CL · cs.AI · cs.LG

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.13457

Deep Personalization: Continuous Context Observation for Local Proactive Agents

Yijia Shao, Song Bian, Junxian Guo, Jindong Jiang, Zhen Dong, Huizi Mao, Diyi Yang, Song Han

原文摘要

As AI agents become increasingly capable, users must still recognize when and how to ask for help, leaving many opportunities for useful support unrealized. Proactive agents hold the promise to close this gap, but effective proactivity requires understanding users' real-time activities and personalizing intervention timing so that assistance is offered when it is likely to be helpful rather than disruptive. We introduce deep personalization, a closed-loop process that connects continuous context observation with continual agent adaptation: an agent observes user activity, selectively retains long-term context, and adapts intervention decisions from implicit feedback. We initiate deep personalization in Coco, a proactive desktop agent, by having a separate Observer Agent that monitors desktop activity, maintains compact long-term user modeling context, and learns when assistance is desirable from implicit signals such as engagement, dismissal, explicit requests, and repeated work patterns. We further develop efficient on-device strategies to enable the Observer Agent to run on local AI compute platforms without streaming raw activity data off-device. For evaluation at scale without collecting sensitive real-user activity, we introduce a data-synthesis pipeline that transforms existing computer-use trajectories into OSWorld-Persona, a benchmark with persona-conditioned intervention labels. On OSWorld-Persona, deep personalization improves macro F1 across three model backbones from 0.12-0.19 under direct prompting to 0.35-0.48 after adaptation, a 2.4-3.0x relative gain. In a week-long user study, we observe that Coco improves its macro-averaged F1 score from 0.199 to 0.515. These results suggest that on-device deep personalization can make proactive agents more timely and increasingly aligned with each user's everyday work.

cs.LG

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.13207

HiCAP: Hierarchical Cultural Adaptation via Personality for Dialogue Generation

Lingzhi Shen, Xiaohao Cai, Yunfei Long, Imran Razzak, Shoaib Jameel

原文摘要

Cultural adaptation in dialogue systems refers to the ability to generate responses that conform to linguistic norms and social expectations across different cultures. However, existing dialogue generation approaches pay limited attention to the role of personality in shaping cultural expression and communication style. We therefore propose HiCAP, a novel framework that integrates personality traits into culturally adaptive dialogue generation. HiCAP employs a personality-conditioned control mechanism that hierarchically modulates response style by first aligning it with the cultural tone and then refining linguistic expression and content according to individual personality attributes. To embed these factors, the model combines supervised fine-tuning and instruction-based tuning, supported by dynamic instruction templates and multi-agent demonstrations to capture diverse combinations of culture and personality. Experiments on CulturalPersonas and CPED show that HiCAP achieves the strongest overall performance across various dialogue generation metrics, demonstrating effective cultural adaptability and personality modelling.

cs.CL · cs.LG

新论文 · v1arXiv:2611.13191

Comparative Evaluation of Deep Learning Models for Geographic Atrophy Segmentation in En Face OCT Images

Utkarsh Doshi, Adarsh Gadari, Sharat Chandra Vupparaboina, Joseph DeCicco, Giulia Gregori, Nicola Valsecchi, Nasiq Hasan, Elham Sadeghi 等 12 位作者

原文摘要

Background: Geographic atrophy (GA) is an advanced form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). It causes irreversible vision loss due to progressive degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors. Accurate segmentation of GA in en-face image is crucial for early diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and developing personalized treatment strategies. However, existing deep learning approaches are typically evaluated using single architectures and single-device datasets, limiting insight into relative performance and cross-device robustness. Methods: We trained and systematically compared five deep learning architectures for GA segmentation: Nested U-Net, ResU-Net, nnUnet, Swin-Unet and MedSegDiff model, together with a thresholding based classical baseline. The models were trained on a dataset of en-face OCT images derived from 269 OCT volumes from two different devices, following a three-step preprocessing technique involving normalization and inpainting to enhance the quality of the en-face images. Results: On the fixed held-out validation set comprising OCT scans from both Cirrus (R) (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., USA) and Spectralis (R) (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany) devices, nnUnet achieved the highest mean Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.8882 +/- 0.0033. The other models yielded the following Dice scores: Nested U-Net (0.7932 +/- 0.0423), ResU-Net (0.8453 +/- 0.0074), Swin-Unet (0.6886 +/- 0.0294), and Diffusion model (0.7959 +/- 0.0242). Conclusions: nnUnet framework, demonstrated most reliable performance for GA segmentation in en-face OCT under limited data conditions. It offers the best balance of accuracy, stability, and efficiency for GA quantification.

cs.CV

版本更新 · v2arXiv:2606.25632

保持角色:具有视角边界记忆的角色扮演智能体

Staying In Character: Role-Playing Agents with Perspective-Bounded Memory

Xushuo Tang, Junhe Zhang, Zihan Yang, Yifu Tang, Sichao Li, Longbin Lai, Zhengyi Yang

AI 速读 基于摘要

提出三层记忆架构 ReverieMem,用视角边界约束小说角色智能体的知识可见性与说话风格,缓解事实越界与风格单调问题。

cs.CL · cs.AI

查看原文摘要

Recent LLM role-playing systems build character agents from novels by extracting characters, scenes, and relations. Yet long-narrative role playing suffers from two failures: Factual Overreach, where shared retrieval or parametric memory lets a character use facts outside its perspective, and Stylistic Monotony, where profile descriptions flatten a character into a fixed voice. To address these failures, we propose ReverieMem, a three-layer memory architecture for book-based character agents. The episodic layer stores first-person scene memories; the semantic layer stores visibility-tagged facts; and the personality layer stores situation-dependent speech and behaviour patterns. We evaluate ReverieMem and six reference methods on KBF-QA, a new benchmark of 4,386 questions across eight novels that assesses character knowledge boundaries. ReverieMem improves Knowledge Boundary Fidelity by 34.6 percentage points over the strongest reference method. On BookWorld's five-dimension pairwise narrative protocol, ReverieMem achieves a mean win rate of 78.86% against BookWorld across five generator LLMs and two generation modes, suggesting that perspective-bounded memory improves both boundary fidelity and character-grounded narrative generation.

版本更新 · v3arXiv:2606.04120

SaliMory: Orchestrating Cognitive Memory for Conversational Agents

Kai Zhang, Xinyuan Zhang, Hongda Jiang, Shiun-Zu Kuo, Hyokun Yun, Ejaz Ahmed, Shereen Oraby, Ziyun Li 等 14 位作者

原文摘要

Recall and personalization, enabled by memory, are pivotal to a lifelong conversational agent. However, simply expanding context windows with raw retrieval degrades reasoning quality, while training memory agents via standard reinforcement learning creates a severe credit assignment bottleneck in a multi stage pipeline. To solve this, we introduce SaliMory, a framework that learns to manage and utilize a cognitively structured memory spanning user facts, preferences, and working memory. By introducing novel stage wise process rewards and reward decomposed contrastive refinement, SaliMory provides isolated supervision for distinct memory operations (selective filtering, consolidation, and cue driven recall) end to end. Across four datasets, SALIMORY records the highest Good Personalization rate at 39.8% and the best QA accuracy at 72.9%, while consistently producing the least vague and most factual memories, keeping vagueness under 20% and factuality above 89%.

cs.CL · cs.AI

版本更新 · v2arXiv:2605.15721

Contexting as Recommendation: Evolutionary Collaborative Filtering for Context Engineering

Jiachen Zhu, Zhuoying Ou, Congmin Zheng, Yuxiang Chen, Zeyu Zheng, Rong Shan, Lingyu Yang, Lionel Z. Wang 等 12 位作者

原文摘要

Large Language Models (LLMs) are highly sensitive to their input contexts, motivating the development of automated context engineering. However, existing methods predominantly treat this as a global search problem, seeking a single context strategy that maximizes average performance across a dataset. This restrictive assumption overlooks the fact that different inputs often require distinct guidance, leaving substantial instance-level performance gains untapped. In this paper, we propose a paradigm shift by formulating context engineering as a recommendation problem. We introduce \textbf{Neural Collaborative Context Engineering (NCCE)}, a framework that transitions optimization from a static global search to dynamic, instance-wise routing. NCCE first bootstraps a diverse catalog of anchor contexts and then employs a novel \textbf{Context-CF Co-Evolution} mechanism. This stage establishes a synergistic feedback loop: a lightweight Neural Collaborative Filtering (NCF) model learns instance-context preferences to guide the generation of specialized context variants, while the newly evaluated contexts continuously refine the NCF model's understanding of latent preferences. At inference time, the trained NCF model acts as a context router, dynamically assigning the most suitable context strategy to each unseen instance. Theoretical Proofs and comprehensive experiments demonstrate that by matching individual inputs with their optimal contexts, NCCE significantly improves task accuracy, highlighting the critical importance of personalization in LLM context engineering.

cs.CL